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9рении температуры с целью диагностики целого спектра заболеваний и нарушений, проходят апробацию в медицинской лечебной практике.
Литература
1.Калугш В.О. Динамiчна реестрацшна тепломе-трiя. Можливосл та перспективи/ О.В.Калугш, В.П. Пь шак.-Чершвщ.-Прут.-2009. - 244 с
2. Шайко-Шайковский А.Г., Белов М.Е., Олексюк И.С. и др./А.Г. Шайко-Шайковский, М.Е.Белов, И.С. Олексюк. Аппаратура и методика дистанционного бесконтактного измерения радиационных тепловых потоков// Материалы Междунар. Научн-техн. конф. РТПСАС-2015. -с 200-202.
CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND PARTNERSHIP OF NURSES
Shopov Dimitar Georgiev
MD, PhD, Chief Assistant Prof. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria Mihaylova Vanina Krasteva PhD, Assoc. Prof. Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of
Public Health, Sofia;
Chief Assistant Department of Healthcare Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University,
Plovdiv, Bulgaria Stoeva Teodora Radeva Senior health care University Hospital "Sv. George" - Plovdiv Bulgaria
ABSTRACT
According to the International Council of Nurses (ICN) nursing is a successful combination of technical expertise, clinical knowledge and skills, efficient planning and provision of resources in the course of healthcare. Questions, related with:
- preliminary awareness of the nurse of the nature and requirements of her specific job:
- prospects and opportunities for her development and career
- partnership and exchange of experience between nurses with profound length of service and young nurses
the degree of support by the association of the professionals in healthcare regarding their work and future professional development,
are topical and significant.
Subject of the study is General Hospital for Active Treatment „St. George" - Plovdiv. An anonymous sociological survey has been carried out among 110 nurses. The results of the survey turn our attention to a number of problems, the analysis and solution of which would lead to a better professional microclimate, accomplishment and career development of the nurses. Key words: awareness, qualification, career development, partnership, nurse
Introduction:
Health protection uses various resources in order to achieve its purposes. „The most critical problems which the world health systems face is the shortage of people to work in those systems" (WHO, 2003)
Procurement of human resources in the field of healthcare is a complex logistical task. The necessity of long-term planning under the conditions of uncertainty on a national and international level, the interrelation between training, official position and actual obligations additionally complicate the task.[1,3]
P. Draker (Draker, 2001) points out that the profession of a nurse is the second most important profession in the sphere of the ancient medical profession.
The nursing profession has been developing dynamically in the last century: from assistant trained by the doctor, to a nurse with an individual role and expression, working with contemporary technical equipment and individually managing a number of health processes.[5,6] The necessity of increase in the qualification of the nurses arises. Nowadays they are educated in universities, defending Bachelor's and Master's degree and some of them participate in PhD programmes.
The role ofthe personal factor (the nurse) for the preservation of the life and health of the patient, for the establishment of environment contributing to their recuperation, is outstanding. This includes the level of professional qualification and the available knowledge and skills, as well as the personal qualities reflected in the process of communication and the devotion in performing the professional duties.[8,9]
The dynamic change of the higher requirements towards the professional qualification of the healthcare specialists, as well as the attempts of establishment of international standards for the profession shall be a chance in the expectations of the people needing and obtaining nursing care. The inability of offering nursing working force in response to the needs of human resources leads to disbalance of the labour market.[10,11,12]
The availability of a chronic global shortage of nurses is a result of insufficient investments in their training, payment, working environment and management. This leads to a deficit of qualified staff, to constant increase in the number of those abandoning the nursing profession and to increase in the domestic and international migration. [13,15] Objective of the present survey is to study: - the preliminary awareness of the nurse about the
nature and requirements of the specific job:
- the prospects and possibilities for her development and career
- the partnership and exchange of experience between nurses with profound length of service and young nurses
- the degree of support by the association of the professionals in healthcare regarding their work and future professional development:
In order to achieve the outlined task, we need to complete the following tasks:
Development of a specific questionnaire for individual anonymous sociological questionnaire among the nurses with different length of service
Carrying out an anonymous sociological questionnaire among the nurses at General Hospital for Active Treatment „St. George" Plovdiv
Processing of the collected primary information and analysis of the obtained data;
Substantiation of organizational approaches for optimization of the professional relations and satisfaction of the nurses.
Material and methods:
Subject of observation are the clinics of GHAT „St. George" Plovdiv. The logical units are the questioned healthcare specialists. The questionnaire was carried out within the period from 4 December 2015 to 29 February 2016. Upon development of the questionnaires, the main requirements of the method
Chart 1
We shall discuss several questions related to the preliminary information about the essence of the nursing job, the prospects for their professional and career development, partnership
have been observed.
• A clearly formulaed objective of the survey and undisputable dependence of its public and social significance;
• Maximum saving of time of the respondents;
• Full anonymity and discretion.
After filling in and sealing the questionnaire, the envelopes shall be delivered to the person in charge. The participation is voluntary and complete anonymity and discretion of the respondents is guaranteed. During the statistical processing of the collected primary information, variational, alternative and non-parametric analysis has been used. For visualization of the observed processes and phenomena and illustration of certain regulations, the possibilities of graphic design have been used. During the computer processing of the collected databases the statistical package SPSS version 19 and Microsoft Excel have been used. The direct individual anonymous questionnaire covered 110 nurses.
Results and discussion:
A questionnaire containing 19 questions has been developed for the study of the opinion of the respondents (nurses).
The questionnaire covered 110 nurses at the age of 20-63.
The length of service of the respondents was different (Chart 1). Those with over 30 years of service have the highest per cent (31.4%), followed by those with length of service from 11 to 20 years (29.4%) and those with the lowest length of service (0-10 years) - 15.7%.
with the colleagues and possible support by the professional organization. The responses are divided in compliance with the outlined groups according to length of service.
Nursing length of service
0-10 years 11-20 years 21-30 years over 30 years
Chart 2
The main activity in the profession of a nurse is to provide health care in the health protection system. Each clinic in the different medical specialty has its specifications, requirements and internal order. The responses for the preliminary awareness of the nature and requirements of the job have been visualized in chart 2.
The highest per cent of awareness belongs to the group of nurses with length of service from 0 to 10 years (62.5%) and the lowest per cent - to those with length of service between 11 and 20 years (46.6%).
The highest per cent of unawareness belongs to the
group of nurses with length of service from 11 to 20 years (26.7%) and the lowest one - to those with length of service from 0 to 10 years (12.5%).
The opportunity for professional career is essential. Its objective is self-recognition, self-accomplishment and the expression of personal position in the professional life. The desire for career development reflects the highest level of necessities, or motives respectively - the needs of self-esteem and self-accomplishment of the personality (under Maslow). The answers of theh respondent nurses have been graphically represented on chart 3.
Do you have clear prospects and opportunities for your development and career as a nurse
0-1 Oy ears 11-20years 21-30years HaA 30years
□ Yes 37,50% 40% 25% 43,80%
□ Partially 50% 26,70% 33,30% 18,70%
□ No 12,50% 33,30% 41,70% 37,50%
Chart 3
The highest affirmative evaluation for clear prospects for professional development and career has been given by the group of nurses with length of service over 30 years (43.8%) and the lowest one - by those with length of service 21-30 years (25%).
The highest per cent with a negative answer for clear prospects for professional development and career has been given by the group of nurses with length of service from 21 to
30 years (41.7%) and the lowest one - by those with length of service from 0 to 10 years (12,5%).
In the course of performance of the daily professional obligations, an important role plays the partnership between colleagues and the exchange of professional experience between nurses with different length of service. The opinion of the respondents has been reflected on chart 4.
In your isthere partnership and exchange of experience between nurses with profound experience and young nurses
s n C L r F m. C. oí _ /
0- 10years 11- 20years 21-30years HaA 30years
□ No 12,50% 0 8,30% 6,30%
□ Rather no 0 13,30% 0 6,30%
□ Rather yes 50% 40% 50% 18,70%
□ Yes 37,50% 46,60% 41,70% 68,70%
Chart 4
- The highest per cent of respondents giving a negative answer (12.5%) and the lowest per cent of respondents giving a positive answer (37.5%) belongs to the group of nurses with length of service from 0 to 10 years.
- The lowest per cent of respondents giving a negative answer (6.3%) and the highest percent of respondents giving a positive answer (68.7%) belongs to the group of nurses with
Are yor supported by your association of healthcare professionals regarding your job and future professional development
length of service over 30 years.
A clear assessment of the place and role of the association of the healthcare professionals regarding the work and professional development of the respondents has been presented on chart 5. The negative opinions in all groups of nurses with various length of service prevail.
O
Yes Rather yes Rather no No
□ O-iOyears 0 37,50% 50% 12,50%
□ 11-20years 0 26,70% 26,70% 46,60%
□ 21-30years 8,30% 25% 16,70% 50%
□ Hafl 30years 6,20% 12,50% 31,30% 50%
Chart 5
Conclusions:
1. The nurses with length of service over 30 years constitute the highest number of respondents.
2. The preliminary awareness of the nature and requirements of the specific tasks in the different groups of nurses with different length of service varies. The highest positive evaluation has been given by the group with length of service from 0 to 10 years.
3. The positive prospects and opportunities for development and career have been indicated mainly by nurses with over 30 years of length of service.
4. The problem with partnership between colleagues and
exchange of experience between nurses with profound length of service and young nurses remains unsolved.
5. The higher per cent of negative opinions of the respondents on the degree of support by the association of healthcare professionals regarding their occupation and future professional development obligates the management of the association to analyze the topical problems and to use efforts and skills for their timely solution.
6. There is a need of emphasizing the role of the senior nurse for the overcoming of the professional problems and relationships in the nursing teams.
7. The management has an important role in the
professional activity, career development and partnership between colleagues. A skilled manager is the one who protects the interests of his staff.
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DEMOGRAPHY, BIRTH RATE AND ABORTIONS IN THE DISTRICT OF PLOVDIV
Shopov Dimitar Georgiev
MD, PhD, Chief Assistant Prof. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria Mihaylova Vanina Krasteva PhD, Assoc. Prof. Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Sofia; Chief Assistant Department of Healthcare Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Stoeva Teodora Radeva Senior health care University Hospital "Sv. George" - Plovdiv Bulgaria
ABSTRACT
The macroeconomics, the labour market and the standard of life of the population play a decisive role for the demographic processes in Bulgaria. The inflation and the inherent financial destabilization suppress the reproductive attitude of the population. The present article analyzes:
the tendencies of the geographic indices of the population in the district of Plovdiv birth rate
the dynamics of the registered abortions: by age, by type, at will for a 5-year period from 2010 to 2014 inclusive. The following facts have been established:
- The population in the distirct of Plovdiv decreases
The highest number of abortions is performed by women in the age group 20-29, immediately followed by those aged 30-39.
- A high relative share of the spontaneous abortions towards the total number of abortions
- A high relative share (49.7%) of desired abortions, performed by women who do not have children or have only 1 child. The possible reasons for the mass practice of abortion as a means of birth rate control are indicated.
Key words: abortion, natural growth in population, demographic indices, population, birth rate, fertile age
Introduction: issue concerning all European countries. According to a
Reports and analyses of world and European official study of the UN, the population of our continent is drastically institutions point out that the demographic problem is an decreasing and the tendencies are for deepening of the crisis.
