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14CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN HUMANS
Laziza Botirovna Kiyamova
Samarkand State Medical Institute
ABSTRACT
Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at a young age (MV) have factors that contribute to the early development and progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis.
Keywords: risk factors, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, etc.
INTRODUCTION
The most important behavioral risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. The effects of behavioral risk factors may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose, raised blood lipids, and overweight and obesity. These "intermedi ate risks factors" can be measured in primary care facilities and indicate an increased risk of developing a heart attack, stroke, heart failure and other complications.
METHODOLOGY
Cessation of tobacco use, reduction of salt in the diet, consuming fruits and vegetables, regular physical activity and avoiding harmful use of alcohol have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, drug treatment of diabetes, hypertension and high blood lipids may be necessary to reduce cardiovascular risk and prevent heart attacks and strokes. Health policies that create conducive environments for making healthy choices affordable and available are essential for motivating people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviour.
There are also a number of underlying determinants of CVDs or "the causes of the causes". These are a reflection of the major forces driving social, economic and cultural change - globalization, urbanization and population ageing. Other determinants of CVDs include poverty, stress and hereditary factors.
The study of traditional FR associated with the development of ACS in patients with MV is relevant for improving early diagnosis, development and implementation of preventive programs in this category of patients [9].
Objective: to study the risk factors for cardiovascular complications in patients with ST-elevation ACS (STEMI) at a young age during thrombolytic therapy. Materials and methods: 104 patients with STEMI Were Examined and were urgently delivered by ambulance teams to the Samarkand branch of the Republican scientific
center for emergency medical care (SF rscemp), to the cardiorecuscitation Department. The average age of patients was 35±5 years.
The examination and treatment included patients who developed the disease in the first 2-6 hours after the onset of anginal attacks that did not stop, despite the antianginal therapy. Transient changes were recorded on the ECG: ST segment elevation, an increase in the degree of t wave inversion, various rhythm and conduction disorders.
Symptoms of heart attacks and strokes
Often, there are no symptoms of the underlying disease of the blood vessels. A heart attack or stroke may be the first warning of underlying disease. Symptoms of a heart attack include:pain or discomfort in the centre of the chest;pain or discomfort in the arms, the left shoulder, elbows, jaw, or back.
DISCUSSION
In addition the person may experience difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath; feeling sick or vomiting; feeling light-headed or faint; breaking into a cold sweat; and becoming pale. Women are more likely to have shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and back or jaw pain.
The most common symptom of a stroke is sudden weakness of the face, arm, or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include sudden onset of: numbness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body; confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech; difficulty seeing with one or both eyes; ifficulty walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache with no known cause; and fainting or unconsciousness. People experiencing these symptoms should seek medical care immediately. What is rheumatic heart disease?
Rheumatic heart disease is caused by damage to the heart valves and heart muscle from the inflammation and scarring caused by rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is caused by an abnormal response of the body to infection with streptococcal bacteria, which usually begins as a sore throat or tonsillitis in children.
Rheumatic fever mostly affects children in developing countries, especially where poverty is widespread. Globally, about 2% of deaths from cardiovascular diseases is related to rheumatic heart disease.Symptoms of rheumatic heart disease include: shortness of breath, fatigue, irregular heart beats, chest pain and fainting.Symptoms of rheumatic fever include: fever, pain and swelling of the joints, nausea, stomach cramps and vomiting.
Thrombolysis was performed according to standard regimens, and then patients were treated with traditional methods: nitroglycerin infusion on the first day of the
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disease, antiplatelet agents, antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, statins. Enzymatic diagnostics: troponins I, MV-fractions of creatine phosphokinase (MV-CPK). The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1-group of 56 patients receiving TLT-streptokinase 1.5 million. IU, 2-group of 48 patients receiving traditional therapy.
RESULT
Depending on the time of the introduction of thrombolytic patients of 1 group were divided into 3 subgroups: I subgroup of 9 patients (12%), which thrombolytic was administered during the first 2 hours from the beginning of anginal attack; II subgroup of 19 patients (25%) - streptokinase was administered within 2 to 4 hours from the time of the attack; III subgroup 48 (63%) introduction trombolitiki made in the time range of 4-6 hours from the onset of the disease.
The risk of developing CHD associated with increased total cholesterol (CCH) is more pronounced in the young versus the old, which is 2.5 times higher in the young than in the elderly. In our study, groups 1 and 2 had hypercholesterolemia of 4.45±0.19 and 4.88±0.39, respectively, p=0.5.
CONCLUSION
Risk Factors such as hypercholesterolemia and CVD-related heredity are predictors that worsen the prognosis of the disease regardless of the thrombolytic drug used.In patients with STEMI in combination with diabetes and hypertension of young age, the condition is aggravated regardless of the thrombolytic therapy, which once again indicates a high risk of developing cardiovascular complications in this group.
REFERENCES
1. Andreenko E. Yu., Yavelov I. S., Lukyanov M. M., Vernokhaeva A. N., Drapkina O. M., Boitsov S. A. Ischemic heart disease in young people: prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors. Cardiology.2018;58(10).
2. Nasyrova Z. A., Sharapov, Y. S., Khasanjanova F. O. the Influence of affective disorders on the progression of coronary heart disease //Scientific journal. - 2019. -№.3(37).
3. Shohnazarova N. To., Makhsumov M. D., PR H. A., Sharipova S. A. Analysis of morbidity of the population of Uzbekistan diseases of the circulatory system. Young scientist. 2015;10:458-462.
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