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30Активизация дистанционного обучения в системе вузовского образования: на примере обучения иностранному языку
Эмирильясова Сусанна Сеитбиляловна,
кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков, Крымский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия E-mail: emirilyasova@mail.ru
Представленная статья посвящена вопросам изучения иностранного языка в высшей школе в контексте дистанционного образования. Особое внимание автор уделяет эффективности внедрения информационных технологий в учебный процесс, а также влияние различных педагогических приемов и способов мотивации студентов на занятиях по иностранному языку. В работе рассматриваются вопросы успешной интеграции дистанционного образования в систему традиционного образования. Анализируется активное внедрение приемов и практик дистанционного обучения в процесс изучения иностранного языка, что, в свою очередь, оказывает положительное влияние на успеваемость студентов высшей школы.
Ключевые слова: дистанционное обучение, информационные технологии, мотивация, высшее образование, иностранный язык, высшие учебные заведения, учебный процесс.
The advance and enhancement of information technology enables both foreign language teachers and students to possess limitless prospects that it can be dynamically used chiefly within the sphere of education. Due to these technologies, nowadays we cannot imagine our lives without them, especially when it comes to distance learning. This form of knowledge acquisition has certain advantages as it saves our time. Above all, it offers all students an essentially altered interaction level that necessitates profound information technology abilities and talents comprising search for compulsory material, the capabilities to implement net software services to organize properly the great amount of academic information.
Nowadays distance learning technologies offer a lot of innovative methods for getting education. Undoubtedly, technology appears to be of great significance to encourage and motivate learners. Implementation of technology into the educational environment plays a very important role to promote teaching of any discipline due to the digitizing the necessary information. A lot of learners consider distance learning to be a practical method to get proper education and they find it unnecessary to attend a traditional educational institution. So, there are many definitions of distance learning. At first it seems to be unclear and quite doubtful. Now let's consider some of them given in different dictionaries.
The Cambridge dictionary defines distance learning as a "way of studying in which you do not attend a school, college, or university, but study from where you live, usually being taught and given work to do over the internet" [1].
According to the Collins dictionary, "distance learning is a teaching system consisting of video, audio, and written material designed for a person to use in studying a subject at home" [2].
The Britannica dictionary offers its definition of this phenomenon: "distance learning, also called distance education, e-learning, and online learning, form of education in which the main elements include physical separation of teachers and students during instruction and the use of various technologies to facilitate student-teacher and student-student communication" [8].
Merriam- Webster defines distance learning as, "a method of study where teachers and students do not meet in a classroom but use the Internet, e-mail, mail, etc., to have classes" [7].
Distance Learning is an Internet-based program providing students with extra activities outside the classroom, as well as it assists to reduce the quantity of time it requires within the classroom in order to master foreign language skills.
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The aim of the article is to highlight that distance learning system enables the usage of basic academic ideas, which meet almost all contemporary needs of the educational process. It is vital to regard distance education as a type of the educational process allowing the formation of life-long learning abilities and skills that are sure to be essential to keep up with speedy transformations of the present-day society. Thus, this phenomenon is undoubtedly worth taking into account since it is a very significant element in the educational development.
It is worth mentioning that distance learning is undoubtedly widely used when it comes to learning a foreign language, the English one, in particular since learning English has become an integral part for all people willing to get a higher education in the modern life. Language is one of the important components, which influences various speech activities. Learners "utilize different parts of English language skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their proficiency and communication [3]. Consequently, foreign language distance learning is known to be extremely sophisticated and challenging.
In case all remote technologies are implemented in a proper way it will help to make sure that distance learning is sure to better students' linguistic skills and abilities offering a great variety of opportunities to master their academic performance in learning English. It is vital to remember that online English language both teaching and learning requires time and effort. Lesson materials are to be properly organized for students to make them feel comfortable and encouraged. Suitable audio/video resources are sure to create appropriate atmosphere for both teachers and learners to interact successfully as students are able to look through the materials over and over again.
Numerous distance learning foreign language classes enable equal access to learning perspectives for all learners studying in the higher educational institutions. Both private and state educational establishments support the implementation and formation of distance learning through the pedagogical and methodological analytical research for its additional development. Distance learning technologies demonstrate a lot of innovative chances for both teaching and learning foreign languages. It is essential to look through some distance learning tools in order to differentiate their proficiency levels, e.g., one-way option, which allows to implement only a presentation and fails to provide a video.
Firstly, it may seem that the absence of interaction opposes the general idea of foreign language teaching and learning. No doubt there are some disadvantages caused by distance learning, and one of them is an inability to maintain direct contact between both educators and learners including the problems of distance learning that are related to its deficiency, as well 5 as scarce educational backgrounds. In general, all § these issues cause poor education quality. This type ^ of learning implies physical separation but requires in° teraction, i.e. teachers and learners do not have face-H to-face learning and get knowledge remotely.
Recently all learners got assured that it is a necessary thing to study online. It is essential to highlight that distant learning experience was successfully implemented, and most students expressed their positive feedback, whereas some of them showed their interest to the traditional lesson-based academic process. There are cases when learners find it hard to keep up with distant format because of the lack of internet, appropriate technological devices, or they get distracted when it comes to video conferences. One more drawback is that "among the difficulties reported by students is the poor communication to the teacher using the online distant learning techniques" [3].
But still there are many more pros rather than cons. Thus, it would be reasonable to make the following conclusion that "distance technologies can maintain the integrity of foreign language teaching. Learning strategies that encourage student-teacher dialogue and student autonomy in distance learning situations should be included in learning" [4].
In terms of multiple pedagogical and methodological research, there are many scientific articles that highlight the "relevance of distance learning technologies in the current stage of public relations evolution owing to the development level of electronic devices for data transfer, processes of economic integration, the need to "socialize" for people with limited mobility, the need for lifelong learning" [8].
Distant learning technologies are required to be properly organized for effective and efficient educational process, as well as numerous tools and training sources are of great significance within the education environment. "The means of information and communication technologies are to be taken into account for the development, management and distribution of online materials as a part of the distant training courses [6].
Nowadays getting knowledge online has positively and confidently joined into the conventional educational system. The great number of various criteria, which are important when it comes to determining the specific tools for the organization of distant learning are often considered in the higher education sector. It is worth mentioning the efficiency of pedagogical means and techniques for inspiring and encouraging factor during online foreign language classes. When getting ready for a foreign language class a teacher needs to be focused on mixture of resources and tools to introduce perfect class arrangement to facilitate students of higher institutions with distant learning.
Being productively integrated into the sophisticated and challenging educational environment, e-learning still requires multiple pedagogical practices for bettering the learners' encouragement and improving their academic performance and attendance. A foreign language teacher finds it extremely difficult to get learners engaged into various kinds of activities that will no doubt facilitate students' drive and enthusiasm, as well as contribute to their dynamic and energetic engagement into the academic process. Among advantages of distance learning, one needs to draw attention to the fact that one of the strongest criteria of online
classes is that it enables learners to contribute importantly and decisively to the "development of students' independence, self-discipline and responsibility" [5].
No doubt, innovative digital technologies within the distance learning environment facilitates the development and mastery of learners' independent academic abilities and skills as this form of learning is considered to be one of the options for students' of higher educational institutions academic performance structuring phenomenon.
The quality and effectiveness of distance learning usage can easily be noticeable in numerous universities as they implement enhanced and superior methods and techniques for the organization of such an educational activity. When teaching a foreign language, a teacher is required to put the emphasis and focus on the students' ability to comprehend the advantages using distance technology in the academic process as they are well aware of the fact that distance learning is a necessity of the 21st century, contemporary and innovative academic phenomenon. Above all, nowadays they can easily know its potential for foreign language learning development and improvement. Thus, distance learning implementation into the higher educational institutions needs to be completely worked out and widely used along with the classical academic form of learning and in no case regarded as an alternative to it.
BOOST OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION
Emirilyasova S.S.
Crimean branch of Russian State University of Justice
The presented article deals with the issues of a foreign language learning in higher educational institutions in the context of distance
education. The author pays special attention to the effectiveness of the introduction of information technologies into the educational process, as well as the influence of various pedagogical techniques and methods of motivating students in foreign language classes. The article also considers the issues of successful integration of distance learning into the system of traditional education. The active introduction of distance learning techniques and practices into the process of a foreign language learning is analyzed, which, in its turn, has a positive impact on the academic performance of students of higher educational institutions.
Keywords: distance learning, information technology, motivation, higher education, foreign language, higher educational institutions, educational process.
References
1. Cambridge Online Dictionary. URL: https://dictionary.cam-bridge.org/dictionary/english/distance-learning
2. Collins Online Dictionary. URL: https://www.collinsdictionary. com/dictionary/english/distance-learning
3. Grabe, W., & Stoller, F. L. (2002). Teaching and researching reading. New York: Pearson Education. doi: 10.4324/9781315833743
4. Hnatyhena, Iryna & Khariuk, Inna. (2021). Distant learning ESL. Bulletin of Chernivtsi institute of trade and economics. I. 144154. 10.34025/2310-8185-2021-1.81.10.
5. Kaskova, Margarita & Demina, Olga. (2021). Texts rendering into a foreign language. Distant learning experience. E3S Web of Conferences. 295. 05014. 10.1051/e3sconf/202129505014
6. Kulikova, T. & Poddubnaya, N. (2019). The Tools of Realisation of the Distant Learning Technologies. Standards and Monitoring in Education. 7. 32-35. 10.12737/article_5c-540d3049a748.60754182
7. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. URL: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/distance%20learning
8. Shtaleva, N & Derkho, M & Pribytova, O & Shamina, S. (2021). Distant learning: challenges and risks of 2020. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 699. 012026. 10.1088/1755-1315/699/1/012026.
9. The Britannica Dictionary. URL: https://www.britannica.com/ topic/distance-learning
