Biodiversity of microbial communities on some species in the class Gastropoda common in coastal waters in Central Vietnam Текст научной статьи по специальности «Биологические науки»

RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety

Вестник РУДН. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности

2019 Vol. 27 No. 1 29-38 http://journals.rudn.ru/ecology

DOI 10.22363/2313-2310-2019-27-1-29-38 Research article

UDC 579.2

Biodiversity of microbial communities on some species in the class Gastropoda common in coastal waters in Central Vietnam

Thanh Binh Chu1, Thi Thu Hong Do1, Xuan Thinh Le2,

Cao Cuong Ngo1, Thi Thu Huyen Pham1, Thi Thuy Duong Hoang1, Tai Tu Nguyen1, Temir A. Britaev1

'Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center

63 Nguyen Van Huyen St., Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Socialist Republic of Vietnam 2National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Pham Van Bach St., Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Abstract. Gastropoda is a large class in coastal waters in Central Vietnam. The interaction between microorganisms and Gastropoda mainly consists of symbiotic and parasitic relationships. In this study, biodiversity of microbial communities on some species of Gastropoda is evaluated, thereby predicting their interaction. From 12 samples of Gastropoda including 3 species: Trochus maculatus, Cypraea eglantica, Chicoreus bruneus, 101 microorganism strains including 79 bacterial strains (78.2%), 18 yeast strains (17.8%) and 4 actinomycetes strains (4.0%) were isolated. There were 15 strains (including 8 yeast strains, 5 bacterial strains and 2 actinomycetes strains) selected to identify based on sequence analysis of the D1/D2 region (yeast) and 16S rRNA gene (bacteria and actinomycetes). Based on the identification results, it is possible to predict the nutritional relationship between microorganisms and species of Gastropoda.

Keywords: Gastropoda; biodiversity; microorganisms; Central Vietnam

Introduction

Scientists have studied the relationship between bacteria and Gastropoda since the 1980s [10]. The interaction between microorganisms and Gastropoda mainly consists of symbiotic and parasitic relationships. Symbiotic relationships between microorganisms and Gastropoda include nutrient exchange, supply of organic compounds, production of vitamins and amino acids, resistance to pathogenic microorganisms, habitats, etc. Symbiotic bacteria usually belong to autotrophic bacteria such as Thioprofundum lithotrophicum, Thiohalophilus thiocy-anatoxydans, Methylosphaera hansonii, Methylosbacter luteus, etc. [5]. Microorganisms can also produce toxins and cause serious diseases.

© Chu T.B., Do T.T.H., Le X.T., Ngo C.C., Pham T.T.H., Hoang T.T.D., Nguyen T.T., Britaev T.A., 2019

(gv q I This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecomn10ns.0rg/licenses/by/4.O/

Ha Tinh and Ninh Thuan are two provinces in Central Vietnam. The coastal area of these two provinces is the habitat of many species in the class Gastropoda [7]. Research on the relationship between microorganisms and Gastropoda in coastal marine ecosystems contributes to building a database for the conservation, development and sustainable exploitation of these animals.

Materials and methods

Materials. Samples. 12 samples of Gastropoda were collected in coastal waters of Ha Tinh and Ninh Thuan.

Table 1

List of samples

No. Species in the class Gastropoda Code sample Place

1 Trochus maculatus H1, H3 Ha Tinh

N1, N3 Ninh Thuan

2 Cypraea eglantica H2, H5 Ha Tinh

N2, N5 Ninh Thuan

3 Chicoreus bruneus H4, H6 Ha Tinh

N4, N6 Ninh Thuan

Total 12

Media. Hansen medium for yeast [4]. MPA medium for bacteria [6]. SCA medium for actinomycetes [6].

Methods. Isolation method. Animal samples were peeled, collected the gastrointestinal tract, then diluted with salt water 9%o. The diluent was cultured on a petri containing medium suitable for each microorganism group. Petri plates were put in incubators at the suitable temperature [8].

Grouping method. The strains were cultivated on suitable media and conditions. Then they were differentiated by their macro- and micro-morphologies according to C.P. Kurtzman et al. [8]

DNA extraction. The experiment was carried out using Zymo Research Kit (USA).

PCR. PCR is established for each microorganism group using the suitable primers and heating programs. Specifically, NL1/NL4 primers for yeast, 1492R/27F for bacteria and actinomycetes [3].

Sequence analysis. The sequencing results were compared to related data in Genbank by the BLAST search on NCBI.

Results and discussions

Isolation results. 101 microorganism strains were isolated from 12 samples collected from Ha Tinh and Ninh Thuan (Table 2).

Table 2 showed that bacteria had the greatest amount. Actinomycetes was the smallest of microorganism group. Fungi had not been found in isolated samples. Yeast was found mainly in samples collected from Ha Tinh, while actinomycetes were found mainly in samples in Ninh Thuan. Sample N1 (Trochus macula-tus) had the existence of 3 microorganism groups. Sample N5 (Cypraea eglantica) only isolated bacteria. Other samples had the existence of two microorganism groups. The number of microbial strains isolated on each species in the class Gastropoda was also different (Figure 1).

Table 2

List of microorganism strains

No. Sample Strains code

Yeast Bacteria Actinomycetes

1 H1 H1.1Y, H1.4Y, H1.6Y H1.2B, H1.3B, H1.7B, H1.8B -

2 H2 H2.1Y, H2.2Y H2.3B, H2.4B, H2.5B, H2.6B, H2.7B, H2.8B, H2.9B, H2.10B, H2.11B, H2.12B, H2.13B -

3 H3 H3.8Y H3.1B, H3.3B, H3.4B, H3.5B, H3.6B, H3.7B, H3.9B, H3.10B -

4 H4 - H4.1B, H4.3B, H4.4B, H4.5B, H4.6B H4.2A

5 H5 H5.1Y, H5.2Y, H5.11Y H5.3B, H5.6B, H5.7B, H5.8B, H5.9B, H5.10B, H5.12B, H5.13B, H5.14B -

6 H6 H6.1Y, H6.2Y, H6.12Y H6.3B, H6.4B, H6.5B, H6.6B, H6.9B, H6.11B, H6.15B, H6.16B -

7 N1 N1.1Y, N1.2Y N1.3B, N1.5B, N1.7B N1.4A, N1.6A

8 N2 N2.3Y, N2.5Y N2.1B, N2.2B, N2.4B, N2.6B -

9 N3 N1. 1Y N3.2B, N3.3B, N3.4B, N3.5B, N3.6B, N3.7B, N3.8B, N3.9B, N3.10B, N3.11B -

10 N4 - N4.1B, N4.2B, N4.3B, N4.5B, N4.6B, N4.7B, N4.8B, N4.9B N4.4A

11 N5 - N5.4B, N5.5B, N5.15B, N5.16B -

12 N6 N6.12Y N6.7B, N6.8B, N6.13B, N6.14B -

Total 18 (17.8%) 79 (78.2%) 4 (4.0%)

Figure 1. Number of microorganism strains in each species

Trochus maculatus and Chicoreus bruneus were 2 species with the existence of 3 microorganism groups (yeast, bacteria and actinomycetes). Actinomycetes had not been found in Cypraea eglantica.

Grouping based on characteristics of colonies and cells. Characteristics of colonies and cells play an important role in the classification of microorganisms. In this study, microorganism strains were grouped based on colony and cell characteristics in order to provide more accurate assessments of the diversity of microbi-al communities.

Bacteria. Based on colony and cell characteristics, 79 bacteria strains were divided into 5 groups (Table 3).

The isolated bacterial strains had a low biodiversity. The majority of bacteria group is the group with milky white colonies, slippery surface, viscous, spherical cells, separated (group 1 - 40.5 %). The results of bacteriological isolation are similar to the results of previous studies on the existence of bacteria in the species of Gastropoda [1].

Table 3

Grouping results of bacteria

Group Quantity (percent) Characteristic

Colony Cell

1 32 (40.5%) Milky white, smooth surface, viscous Spherical cells, separated

2 8 (10.1%) Red, smooth surface Rod cells, separated

3 11 (13.9%) White, smooth surface Spherical cells

4 7 (8.9%) Pink, smooth surface Rod cells

5 21 (26.6%) Yellow, smooth surface Rod cells

Yeast. Yeast was the microorganism group with the highest biodiversity. 18 yeast strains were divided into 8 groups (Table 4).

Table 4

Grouping results of yeast

Group Strains code Characteristic

Colony Cell

1 H6.1Y, H5.11Y Milky white, spongy Spherical cells, separated, reproduce by budding

2 N1.2Y, H1.6Y White, smooth Spherical cells, separated, reproduce by budding

3 N3.1Y, N6.12Y Creamy white, spongy Spherical cells, reproduce by budding

4 H1.1Y, H3.8Y, N1.1Y, H2.2Y Black, wet, viscous Spherical cells, arranged in chains

5 H6.12Y, N2.5Y Dark brown, wet, viscous Rod and spherical cells, arranged in chains

6 H2.1Y, H5.1Y, H5.11Y White, wrinkled surface Spherical cells, reproduce by budding

7 H1.4Y Black, wet, viscous Rod cells, arranged in chains

8 N2.3Y, H5.2Y, H6.2Y Creamy white, spongy Spherical cells, separated, reproduce by budding

Yeast is a polymorphic microorganism group, characteristics of colonies (color, shape) and cells that can change in the life cycle [3]. Therefore, it is necessary to use other classification methods (biochemical characteristics, molecular biology) to be able to more accurately assess the biodiversity of yeast.

Actinomycetes. 4 actinomycetes strains were divided into 2 groups according to the colony and cell characteristics described in Table 5.

Table 5

Grouping results of actinomycetes

Group Strains code Characteristic

Colony Cell

1 N1.6A, N4.4A Brownish, dry, hard, thick Rod cells, branching

2 H4.2A, N1.4A Brown, small, dry, thin Rod cells, branching

According to the references, there are currently no reports of the existence of actinomycetes in the species of Gastropoda [9]. However, in this study, the number of actinomycetes isolated was very low, and the survey was only conducted on 12 animal samples. A larger number of animal samples should be surveyed to confirm the existence of actinomycetes in the species of Gastropoda.

Based on the grouping results, 15 microorganism strains representing each group were sequenced (including 8 yeast strains, 5 bacterial strains and 2 actino-mycetes strains).

Figure 2. Colony characteristics of microorganism strains

Identification results. Microbial identification is considered a highly reliable classification method. Based on the identification results, it is possible to give the accurate assessment of biodiversity of microbial community. In this study, microorganism strains representing each group were sequenced with the corresponding genes. In yeast strains, DNA sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene was evaluated with NL1/NL4 primers. 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to study bacteria and actinomycetes with 1492R/27F primers.

Bacteria. The results of bacterial identification showed that 5 bacteria strains identified could belong to 3 genera: Burkholderia, Cellulosimicrobium, Rhodococcus. Specially, genus Cellulosimicrobium includes cellulose-degrading bacteria. M. A. Dar et al. (2015) also published the existence of cellulose-degrading bacteria in Achatina fulica. He suggested that the interaction between Cellulosimicrobium and species of Gastropoda could be symbiotic relationships [1].

52L

66

H 5

91 Burkholderia paludis KT159931.1 Burkholderia contaminans NR 104978.1

юс

Cobetia pacifica NR_113402.1 Cobetia marina CP017114.1

Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 Bacillus wiedmannii NR_152692.1 Bacillus proteolyticus NR_157735.1

100

Rhodococcus fascians ATCC 12974

loo Rhodococcus cercidiphylli NR_116275.1 — H5.14B — H6.11B N4.1 В

Cellulosimicrobium funkei NR 042937.1

loo Cellulosimicrobium cellulans NR_119095.1 — H5.15B — N2.7B

— Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416

Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree of bacteria, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences

Yeast. In the grouping by characteristics of colonies and cells, yeast is a microorganism group with the highest biodiversity (they were divided into 8 groups). However, the yeast identification results showed that they consisted of 4 genera: Meyerozyma, Aureobasidium, Pichia, Candida. According to the references, these 4 yeast genera can be found in some marine animals including sea snails (a spe-

cies of Gastropoda) [3]. However, there has been no report on the interaction between these yeast genera and species of Gastropoda.

eiLr

99

Meyerozyma earibbiea KM822610.1 Meyerozyma earibbiea KY108513.1 Meyerozyma guilliermondii KT923025.1 Piehia earibbiea EU795418.1

HS.1Y N1.2Y N2.3Y

N3.1Y

96 Meyerozyma amyioiytiea KY673531.1 H1.1Y

i Aureobasidium meianogenum MF370933.1

-Aureobasidium puiiuians MF979208.1

HS.12Y

Candida earpophiia FM180531.1 98 A2.1Y

5¿Candida smithsonii NG_054792.1 — 27_Meyerozyma earibbiea LC415307.1 — A1 ,4Y

— Aureobasidium namibiae JQ964188.1

—Aureobasidium subgiaeiaie KU254559.1 Rhodosporidium sphaeroearpum AF444754.1

Figure 4. Phylogenetic tree of yeast, based on the D1/D2 region sequences

Actinomycetes. Combining the results of grouping based on characteristics of colonies and cells with sequencing results, it could be confirmed that 4 isolated actinomycetes strains belonging to genus.

99

100 Streptomyees maritimus MH021963.1 99 Streptomyees tungieidieus MF120518.1

Streptomyees sp. KM886161.1 H4.2A

Aehromobaeter spanius CP034689.1 Aehromobaeter sp. MH539645.1 Aehromobaeterxyiosoxidans HM137034.1 Streptomyees enissoeaesiiis MG733648.1 -N4.4A

99

Streptomyees rubroeyanodiastatieus KC172030.1

loo r Streptomyees roehei MH725558.1 59 Streptomyees avidinii FJ481066.1

Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree of actinomycetes, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences

Streptomyces. Genus Streptomyces is a common genus in marine sediments [9]. As mentioned, there are currently no reports of the existence of actinomycetes in species belonging to Gastropoda. 4 isolated actinomycetes strains in this study might have entered the gastrointestinal tract of animal species along with their food.

Conclusions

Survey of 12 animal samples in the class Gastropoda (including species: Trochus maculatus, Cypraea eglantica, Chicoreus bruneus), 101 strains of microorganisms were isolated. Bacteria is the group with the highest number of strains, yeast is the group with the highest biodiversity.

Actinomycetes belong to genus Streptomyces; yeasts belong to the genera: Meyerozyma, Aureobasidium, Pichia, Candida; bacteria belong to the genera: Burkholderia, Cellulosimicrobium, Rhodococcus. Genus Cellulosimicrobium and species of Gastropoda may have symbiotic interaction.

Acknowledgments. This research has been supported by Project E1.3 from The Scientific Committee of Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center.

References

[1] Dar MA, Pawar KD, Jadhav JP, Pandit RS. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of Achatina fulica (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) and their evaluation for cellulose biodegradation. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2015; 98: 73-80.

[2] Dar MA, Pawar KD, Pandit RS. Gut Microbiome Analysis of Snails: A Biotechnologi-cal Approach. Organismal and Molecular Malacology, Sajal Ray, IntechOpen. 2017. doi: 10.5772/68133

[3] Duarte AWF, Pagnocca F, Chaud L, Dayo-Owoyemi I, Pessoa A, Felipe MGA, Sette LD. Taxonomic assessment and enzymes production by yeasts isolated from marine and terrestrial Antarctic samples. Extremophiles: Microbial Life Under Extreme Conditions. 2013.

[4] Eaton AD, Clesceri LS, Greenberg AW. (eds.) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st Ed. Washington: APHA; 2005.

[5] Guus R, Irene LG. On the evolutionary ecology of symbioses between chemosynthetic bacteria and bivalves. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2012;94: 1-10.

[6] Greenberg AE, Trussell RR, Clesceri LS. (Eds). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 16th/19th Ed. Washington: APHA; 1985.

[7] Lutaenko KA, Kwang-Sik Choi, Thai NC. Coastal Marine Biodiversity of Vietnam: Regional and Local Challenges and Coastal Zone Management for Sustainable Development. Final Report submitted to APN. 2011.

[8] Kurtzman CP, Fell JW, Boekhout T, Robert V. Methods for isolation, phenotypic characterization and maintenance of yeasts. In Kurtzman CP, Fell JW, Boekhout T. (eds.) The yeasts: a taxonomic study. 5th ed. San Diego: Elsevier; 2011. p. 88-110.

[9] Kurtboke I. Microbial Resources: From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications. London: Academic Press; 2017.

[10] Taylor JD, Glover EA. Chemosymbiotic bivalves. In: Landman NH, Jones DS. (eds.) The vent and seep biota. The Netherlands: Springer; 2010. p. 107-135.

Article history:

Received: 14.04.2019

Revised: 20.06.2019

For citation:

Chu TB, Do TTH, Le XT, Ngo CC, Pham TTH, Hoang TTD, Nguyen TT, Britaev TA. Biodiversity of microbial communities on some species in the class Gastropoda common in coastal

waters in Central Vietnam. RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2019;27(1): 29-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2019-27-l-29-38

Bio notes:

Thanh Binh Chu - researcher of Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: chuthanhbinhvn@gmail.com Thi Thu Hong Do - researcher of Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: hongdt1009@gmail.com Xuan Thinh Le - chief technician of Stem Cell Bank, National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Vietnam. Contact information: e-mail: thinhhuyethoc@gmail.com

Cao Cuong Ngo - researcher of Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: ngocaocuong2011@gmail.com

Thi Thu Huyen Pham - researcher of Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: huyen.cnsh76@gmail.com

Thi Thuy Duong Hoang - chief of Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Tropical Ecology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: httduong_ttndvn@ hotmail.com

Tai Tu Nguyen - researcher of Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Tropical Ecology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center. Contact information: e-mail: taitu1990@gmail.com

Temir A. Britaev - researcher, Institute of Tropical Ecology, Vietnam - Russia Tropical Center; guest lecturer of the Faculty of Biology of Lomonosov Moscow State University and Biological Department of University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Italy). Contact information: e-mail: Britayev@yandex.ru.

Научная статья

Биоразнообразие микробных сообществ

некоторых видов класса Гастропода, распространенного в прибрежных водах в центральной части Вьетнама

Т.Б. Тьу1, Т.Т.Х. До1, С.Т. Ле2, К.К. Нго1, Т.Т.Х. Фам1, Т.Т.З. Хоанг1, Т.Т. Нгуен1, Т.А. Бритаев1

'Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр

Социалистическая Республика Вьетнам, Ханой, округ Кау Зай, ул. Нгуен Ван Хуен, 63 2Национальный институт гематологии и переливания крови Социалистическая Республика Вьетнам, Ханой, округ Кау Зай, ул. Фам Ван Бач

Аннотация. Гастропода - это большой класс моллюсков в прибрежных водах в центральной части Вьетнама. Взаимодействие между микроорганизмами и гастроподой в основном состоит из симбиотических и паразитических отношений. В настоящем исследовании оценивается биоразнообразие микробных сообществ некоторых видов га-строподы, что позволяет прогнозировать их взаимодействие. Из 12 образцов гастропо-ды, включающих 3 вида: Trochus maculatus, Cypraea eglantica, Chicoreus bruneus, изолирован 101 штамм микроорганизмов, из них 79 штаммов бактерий (78,2 %), 18 штаммов дрожжей (17,8 %) и 4 штамма актиномицетов (4,0 %). Было отобрано 15 штаммов (вклю-

чая 8 штаммов дрожжей, 5 штаммов бактерий и 2 штамма актиномицетов) для идентификации на основе анализа последовательностей области D1/D2 (дрожжи) и гена 16S рРНК (бактерии и актиномицеты). На основании результатов идентификации можно предсказать питательную взаимосвязь между микроорганизмами и видами гастроподы.

Ключевые слова: гастропода; биоразнообразие; микроорганизмы; центральная часть Вьетнама

Благодарности. Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российско-вьетнамского тропического научно-исследовательского и технологического центра, проект E1.3.

Список литературы

[1] Dar M.A., Pawar K.D, Jadhav J.P., Pandit R.S. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of Achatina fulica (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) and their evaluation for cellulose biodegradation // International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2015. Vol. 98. Pp. 73-80.

[2] Dar M.A., Pawar K.D., Pandit R.S. Gut Microbiome Analysis of Snails: A Biotechno-logical Approach // Organismal and Molecular Malacology, Sajal Ray, IntechOpen. 2017. doi: 10.5772/68133

[3] Duarte A.W.F., Pagnocca F., Chaud L., Dayo-Owoyemi I., Pessoa A., Felipe M.G.A., Sette L.D. Taxonomic assessment and enzymes production by yeasts isolated from marine and terrestrial Antarctic samples // Extremophiles: Microbial Life Under Extreme Conditions. 2013.

[4] Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st ed. / ed. by A.D. Eaton, L.S. Clesceri, A.W. Greenberg. Washington: APHA, 2005.

[5] Guus R., Irene L.G. On the evolutionary ecology of symbioses between chemosynthet-ic bacteria and bivalves // Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2012. Vol. 94. Pp. 1-10.

[6] Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 16th/19th ed. / ed. by A.E. Greenberg, R.R. Trussell, L.S. Clesceri. Washington: APHA, 1985.

[7] Lutaenko K.A., Kwang-Sik Choi, Thai N.C. Coastal Marine Biodiversity of Vietnam: Regional and Local Challenges and Coastal Zone Management for Sustainable Development. Final Report submitted to APN. 2011.

[8] Kurtzman C.P., Fell J. W., Boekhout T., Robert V. Methods for isolation, phenotypic characterization and maintenance of yeasts // The yeasts: a taxonomic study. 5th ed. / ed. by C.P. Kurtzman, J.W. Fell, T. Boekhout. San Diego: Elsevier, 2011. Pp. 88-110.

[9] Kurtboke I. Microbial Resources: From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications. London: Academic Press, 2017.

[10] Taylor J.D., Glover E.A. Chemosymbiotic bivalves // The vent and seep biota / ed. by N.H. Landman, D.S. Jones. The Netherlands: Springer, 2010. Pp. 107-135.

История статьи:

Дата поступления в редакцию: 14.04.2019 Дата принятия к печати: 20.06.2019

Для цитирования:

Chu T.B., Do T.T.H., Le X.T., Ngo C.C., Pham T.T.H., Hoang T.T.D., Nguyen T.T., Bri-taev T.A. Biodiversity of microbial communities on some species in the class Gastropoda common in coastal waters in Central Vietnam (Биоразнообразие микробных сообществ некоторых видов класса Гастропода, распространенного в прибрежных водах в цен-

тральной части Вьетнама) // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности. 2019. Т. 27. № 1. С. 29-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2019-27-1-29-38

Сведения об авторах:

Тьу Тхань Бинь - научный сотрудник микробиологической лаборатории, Институт биотехнологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: chuthanhbinhvn@gmail.com До Тхи Тху Хонг - научный сотрудник микробиологической лаборатории, Институт биотехнологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: hongdt1009@gmail.com Ле Суан Тхинь - главный техник банка стволовых клеток, Национальный институт гематологии и переливания крови. Контактная информация: e-mail: thinhhuyethoc@ gmail.com

Нго Као Кыонг - научный сотрудник микробиологической лаборатории, Институт биотехнологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: ngocaocuong2011@gmail.com Фам Тхи Тху Хуен - научный сотрудник микробиологической лаборатории, Институт биотехнологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: huyen.cnsh76@gmail.com Хоанг Тхи Тхую Зыонг - заведующий лабораторией экологии водной среды, Институт тропической экологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: httduong_ttndvn@ hotmail.com

Нгуен Тай Ту - научный сотрудник лаборатории экологии водной среды, Институт тропической экологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр. Контактная информация: e-mail: taitu1990@gmail.com

Бритаев Темир Аланович - исследователь, Институт тропической экологии, Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр; доктор биологических наук, профессор, приглашенный лектор биологического факультета Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова и биологического факультета Университета Модены и Реджо-Эмилии (Италия). Контактная информация: e-mail: Britayev@yandex.ru.