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Azizov R. O.
3 nd year student Fergana State University
BEE MILK, VENOM AND THEIR USE IN FOLK MEDICINE
Abstract. Bees are one of the seven treasures - our people say. Bees collect a lot of medicinal honey, wax, propolis, pollen, and at the same time have a great positive effect on the development of agricultural crops, especially horticulture, vegetable growing, greenhouse farms, and cotton growing. This article provides information about bee milk, venom and their use in folk medicine.
Key words: Bees, queen bee, bee milk, bee venom, honey products, food industry, bee venom in medicine.
Today, the demand for beekeeping in Uzbekistan and maintaining reasonable specialization in the production of honey and bee products (wax, propolis, propolis, bee milk and nectar), which is a medicinal product, is the reason for our independent republic's daily transition to a market economy. The beekeepers of our republic have a firm task to increase the production of honey and bee products at the expense of increasing the productivity of each bee family. This requires every beekeeper and every manager to take care of the bee colony in accordance with zooveterinary rules and to move the bees to places where seral plants grow. Bee venom has been studied since ancient times, and venom has been used for treatment in folk medicine since ancient times. Today, it is used in medicine for the treatment of diseases such as radiculitis, gout, biranchial asthma, expansion of blood vessels and improvement of circulation, and medicines such as apikazone, apizatron, virapin, etc. The composition of bee venom: The venom contains up to 60% water, it is a yellowish liquid with a bitter and burning taste, and it hardens quickly in the air. Dry poison contains many proteins, amino acids, shaker, fatty acids and other acids and magnesium more than inorganic compounds. Adult bees secrete 0. 4-0. 8 mg of poison, the poison glands produce the most poison liquid on the 12-14th day of the bee's life. Effects and use of bee venom on the body: The mechanism of bee venom intake during a bite can be schematically expressed as follows. A bee dies a few hours after the sting. The first sting is done in the waist area, and the bee is placed on the body for only 5 seconds. Each day, the duration of the sting is extended by 5 seconds. One bee is placed on the first day, and their number is increased by one every day. A total of 10-15 bees can sting the body. If the patient cannot bear the sting, the procedure is performed separately. During the treatment with bee venom, up to 4-6 bees can be stung in one day. In this case, the treatment period includes 10 procedures. After the first 6 procedures, injections are reduced to 3. If the patient is suffering from chronic diseases, the injection method is continued continuously for 45 days, with a break of 2 months. For example, bees are placed on the skin of the hands
and feet in case of vascular diseases, especially in case of high blood pressure. Because there are many substances that strengthen the bone system in bee venom. Bee stings can also be used for neurosis, depression, and cardiovascular disorders. It is also useful in cases of reduced immunity, excess weight, gout, multiple sclerosis in the elderly, and memory loss. Bees feed their larval larvae with royal jelly, and more in the family is given to the queen bee larva. We cannot take bee milk from any family. We can get it in several ways. In the 1st method, only the queen bee can be obtained from a family in need. For this, the mother bee is separated from the family. The family will be left without queen bees. In this case, bee milk is produced, which is a product secreted from the throat glands and upper jaw glands of worker bees. Method 2: We select a strong family and divide it into strong and weak families. We leave the mother bee with a weak family. The reason is that the packed seed frames will then increase the number of worker bees. After a certain time, we place 2 frames with young worms in the middle of the orphaned nest in special mother cells. The bees fill the special cells placed in the nest for 4 days, and in 4-5 days we collect special frames. We repeat this process several times within a period of no more than 1 month. Some literature says that this process takes 6-8 days. Based on our experience, it is important to say that this situation depends on the number of bees, the amount of food, the type of bees and several factors. It is very important for every beekeeper to understand his bees well. For example, early harvesting of special rums may result in a small amount of breast milk in the cages, and on the contrary, late harvesting may cause the worm to eat part of the milk. The chemical composition has not been fully studied to date. According to independent studies, bee milk contains 6569% water, 14-18% proteins, 2-6% lipids, 9-18% carbohydrates and 1-2% minerals. In addition, bee milk contains vitamins B1, B2, B6, PP, pantothenic acid, biotin, inositol, folic acid, ergosterol, as well as gonadotropic hormone that activates the function of the gonads. In order to obtain bee milk, the larvae are taken from queens in beehives that are 2-2. 5 days old. Bee milk creates an extraordinary exchange of active substances in the body of the mother bee, and especially in the reproductive organs. For this reason, recently, biology and medicine fields have paid a lot of attention to bee milk. When bee larvae are grafted to honey and royal jelly food to various feeds in the breeding of queen bees, the queen bee grows and develops at a high level, and its weight is slightly reduced. In particular, when bee larvae were grafted into bee milk of this family, the acceptance of larvae increased by 94. 4% and the weight of the mother bee reached 191. 6 ± 1. 28 mg. This indicates that artificial breeding of queen bees in bee-breeding farms from early spring has a positive effect on increasing family productivity.
Conclusion:
Bee products are widely used in cosmetics. In the following decades, in many countries, special attention is being paid to the healing properties of biologically active substances contained in some products that are gifts of nature. For the same purpose, they found that the biologically active substances contained
in beekeeping products serve as an excellent source for the preparation of various medicines in cosmetics.
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