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2
Qudratillaeva M.H.
3 nd year student Fergana State University Musajonov A.A.
3 nd year student Fergana State University
Mamanabiev I.R.
3 nd year student Fergana State University Azizov R. O.
3 nd year student Fergana State University
BEE DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT METHODS
Abstract. This article provides information about infectious and non-infectious diseases of bees, various methods and drugs used in their treatment.
Key words: bees, infectious diseases, bacteria, virus, American rot disease, non-infectious diseases.
Despite the fact that bees live a short life, they can be affected by various diseases. Bee diseases are infectious and non-infectious. Non-infectious diseases are caused by the violation of the conditions necessary for the life of the bee family. As the conditions recover, diseases will disappear. Infectious diseases include infectious and invasive diseases. The causative agents of infectious diseases are bacteria, viruses and fungi originating from plants. Infectious infectious diseases include American, European rot, bag rot, stony and calcareous worm diseases. Infectious invasion diseases include Nozematosis, Acarapetosis, Varroatosis, Brauliosis. It is necessary to identify it in time and to fully apply treatment, sanitary and preventive measures against it. It is much easier to prevent the disease than to treat it. For this:
When establishing a new apiary, purchase only from apiaries where the health of bee families is known;
thorough disinfection of used apiaries, sterilizers and any equipment before
use;
not to feed bees with honey purchased from abroad;
when the beekeeper works in the apiary, he should wear a neat gown, wash his hands as often as possible, disinfect the comb and other small tools from time to time; strict observance of cleanliness within the application area, burning of dead bees;
American rot.
The disease usually appears in the summer when the mother bee is laying eggs. A bee colony heavily affected by this disease dies in mid-summer, while a
less affected bee colony dies in late summer, winter, or early next spring. In families who are sick after winter, this disease will worsen in early spring. This disease is caused by Larva bacillus. This microbe produces very resistant spores. These spores can be stored for several years in the dried skins of maggots and in the honeydew. It is stored in boiling water for 15 minutes, in wax heated to 100° for up to 5 hours. Sunlight can kill the spores only after 3 days. This will infect the worms in the covered cages. The lids of the cells sink inwards from the weight of the worms attached to them and are often perforated. The body of the worms is a sticky stretch that can stretch for several centimeters. Bees try to open such cells and get the moldy substance in them, but because this substance is sticky and stretchy, they often cannot do this. A dead worm is light brown to dark brown in color. The sick worm lies on the lower wall of the cage. The skin of the dried worm is firmly attached to the bottom wall of the cell and slightly rises above it. Bees are not strong enough to remove such skin from the cell. Rotting maggots smell of melted carpenter's glue. If only 1-2 families are infected with American rot disease in the orchard, they should be thawed. If many bee families are infected, they should be moved to a new apiary and treated with juice.
Treatment:
Method 1: You can use sugar paste for treatment. For this, 154 g of sugar flour, 1 g of terramycin and 45 g of sunflower oil are added to make a treatment paste. The sugar paste is prepared like a 200 g cake and placed on a thin cloth on the frame. Otherwise, without adding sunflower oil, mix 100 g of sugar with 2.5 g of terramycin and sprinkle it on the bee nest.
Method 2: Treatment juice is prepared by mixing two parts of sugar with one part of water and bringing it to boiling point. After the prepared sugar juice is cooled to 30°, one of the drugs is added.
For one liter of sugar syrup:
Biomycin - 500,000 ED IB (international unit). Oxytetracycline - 400,000 ED. IB (international unit). Streptomycin is given in the amount of 900,000 to 100,000 IB (international unit) per liter of sugar syrup. Norsulfazol - one g of norsulfazol sodium is mixed with one liter of sugar syrup. it is given until the bees are completely cured! Each added preparation is first dissolved in warm water and then mixed with sugar juice!
Conclusion:
To treat bees from various diseases: it is necessary to transfer the bee family to a clean and dry apiary, remove unsealed honey frames, and heat the beehive. Bees need to be given treatment juice. Add 300,000 IU of tetracycline or biomycin to one liter of sugar syrup and give 100 grams to each beehive 3 times every 4 days in the evening.
References:
1. Jamolov Rapikjon Kushmatovich Azizov Rakhmatillo Olimjon ugl Abdurahmonova Sitora Ahadjon kizi THE MAIN THING IS REPRESENTATIVES OF POLLEN AND SUCCULENT PLANTS AND
THEIR IMPORTANCEIn Volume 15, of the Neo Science Peer Reviewed Journal, November 2023 [1]
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3.Abduvoxid o'g'li, B. S. (2020). ВЛИЯНИЕ АНТРОПОГЕННОГО ФАКТОРА НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПОКРОВА.". Экономика и социум, 4, 71. [3]
4. Numonjonov, M. G., Parpiyev, A. T., Numonjonova, M. G., & Bozorboyev, S. A. (2021). Vitamines in the yarrow (achillea millefolium!.) plant and their importance in human health. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 11(6), 912-917. [4]
"Экономика и социум" №12(115)-1 2023
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