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Palaev Alexander Grigorievich Associate Professor, Ph.D.
Dzhemilev Enver Ruslanovich, Chipura Sergey Ivanovich Saint Petersburg Mining University DOI: 10.24411/2520-6990-2019-10679 APPLICATION OF ULTRASONIC OIL TREATMENT IN ITS TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
Палаев Александр Григорьевич
доцент, к.т.н.
Джемилёв Энвер Русланович, Чипура Сергей Иванович
Санкт-Петербургский горный университет
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ УЛЬТРАЗВУКА ПРИ ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКЕ И ХРАНЕНИИ НЕФТИ
Аннотация
В данной статье рассматривается эффективность применения ультразвукового воздействия на нефть в процессах ее транспорта и хранения. В процессе экспериментов было выявлено, что ультразвуковое воздействие на нефть снижает величину ее вязкости в результате возникающих кавитационного и теплового эффектов. Стоит отметить, что синергетический эффект от данных процессов можно использовать для удаления образовавшихся в процессе хранения нефти асфальтосмолистых и парафиновых отложений. Данные особенности ультразвуковой обработки можно использовать как на технологических трубопроводах и резервуарах нефтебаз, пунктов налива нефти, так и на магистральной части нефтепроводов.
Abstract
This article discusses the effectiveness of the application of ultrasonic effects on oil in the processes of oil transportation and storage. During the experiments, the thermal and ultrasonic effects on the oil were investigated in order to reduce its viscosity. As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that the ultrasonic effect reduces the oil viscosity more effectively than the thermal or combined thermal and ultrasonic effects, which is due to the presence of cavitation and thermal effects during ultrasonic exposure. Also, the synergistic effect of these processes can be used to remove asphalt-tar and paraffin deposits formed during oil storage. These features of ultrasonic processing can be used both on technological pipelines and tanks of oil depots, oil loading points, and on the main part of oil pipelines.
Ключевые слова: нефть, ультразвук, отложения, трубопроводный транспорт.
Key words: oil, ultrasound, viscosity, deposits, pipeline transport.
Today, oil is one of the most popular types of raw materials, which makes the modernization of various technological schemes and processes of oil production, processing, transportation and storage relevant.
This article discusses the use of ultrasonic oil treatment in the processes of its transport and storage.
By means of ultrasonic influence on oil it is possible to influence its rheological properties.
The authors of the work [1] present the results of an experiment on the effect of ultrasound on the viscosity of oils of different grades. At the same time, the impact within 2 minutes led to a decrease in the viscosity of high-paraffin high-resinous oil by 1,4 times. For paraffin oil viscosity decrease occurred in 1,3-3,2 times. But when exposed to high-paraffin oil, the viscosity increased regardless of the time of exposure.
In [2] experiments were conducted on the effect of ultrasound on oil for 30 seconds and 1 minute. As a result of experiments it was revealed that in the process of ultrasonic treatment of oil there is not only a decrease in its viscosity, but also heating, the value of which depends on the density of oil. For heavier grades of oil, a higher increase in oil temperature was observed. This is due to the high content of long branched molecules in
heavy oils, and the rupture of these molecules in the process of ultrasonic treatment is accompanied by the release of heat.
It is also worth noting that the physico-chemical changes that occur in oil during its ultrasonic processing are caused by cavitation processes, which consists in the local concentration of the acoustic field energy, which leads to high energy densities [3].
At the same time, the thermal and cavitation effects that occur in oil when exposed to ultrasound can also be used to combat asphalt and paraffin deposits in the process of oil storage.
In [4], the effect of ultrasound on asphalt and paraffin deposits in order to remove them from the inner surface of tanks is considered. In the work it was revealed that the synergistic effect of cavitating and thermal fields allows the dispersion of bottom sediment at a higher rate in comparison with the action of only the thermal field.
Thus, the use of ultrasonic influence on oil in the processes of its transportation and storage has great efficiency both in the processes of viscosity reduction and in the destruction of asphalt and paraffin deposits formed during the storage of oil. This advantage can be
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used on process pipelines and tanks of oil depots, oil loading points, as well as on the main part of oil pipelines.
List of references
1. Volkova G. I., Prozorova I. V., Anufriev R. V., Yudina N. V., Mullakaev M. S., Abramov V. O. Ultrasonic oil treatment for improvement of viscosity-temperature characteristics / / oil Refining and petrochemistry. - 2012. - No. 2. Pp. 3-6.
2. Palaev A. G.. Dzhemilev E. R. Chipura S. I. application of ultrasound to influence the composition and properties of oil.
3.Removal of residual welding stresses.: https://magnitsp.ru/articles/snyatie_ostatochnykh_sva-rochnykh_napryazheniy/ (accessed 10.03.2019).
4. Pavlov M. V. application of ultrasound for cleaning from asphalt and paraffin deposits at oil transportation and storage facilities: thesis of candidate of technical Sciences. Ufa, 2019.
