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APPLICATION OF MULTI-ZONE FRACTURING ACCORDING TO TEXAS TWO STEPS (TTS) TECHNOLOGY IN LOW-PERMEABILITY RESERVOIRS
Nanan Danielle Stella kacou,
undergraduate Egorova.E.
cand.Sc., associate professor Astrakhan state technical university, Russia
Abstract
Today, in low-permeability oil and gas fields, one of the most recommended and effective stimulation techniques is the use of horizontal wells with extensive multi-zone hydraulic fracturing treatments. However, the complexity and specificity of the geological structure of reservoirs does not permit to achieve predicted oil recovery factors sometimes, as such specialists are still pursuing new techniques and fracturing technologies. In this paper, one of them which is the unique Texas two steps (TTS) technology have been examined.
Keywords: multistage fracturing, technology, low permeability, fields, flow.
Western Siberia is one of the most important oil and gas producing regions in Russia, with nearly 18 billion tons of current recoverable oil reserves. However, there are also a number of fields in the same region that have been considered unprofitable or have not been brought into production because of the complexity of their geology.
Currently, the drilling of horizontal wells with a combination of multistage fracturing treatments has proven to be one of the most effective methods for producing low-permeability reservoirs. This technique which originated from the United States of America (USA) and Canada on low-permeability oil and gas shale reservoirs is now being executed around the world accordingly in western Siberia.
According to the recent advances in logging tools and fracturing technology, multistage fracturing technologies are different, such as multistage hydraulic fracturing using zipper-frac technology, multistage hydraulic fracturing using TTS technology.
In this article, we will focus on multi-zone hydraulic fracturing using TTS technology.
The principle of the drilling of horizontal wells with a combination of multistage fracturing technology is to drill an horizontal well and perform hydraulic fracturing at intervals in the horizontal section of the well, in which fractures are formed. They are then fixed with proppant. Due to numerous fractures in the formation, the effective radius of the well and, accordingly, the flow of fluid increases. Conducting multi-stage hydraulic fracturing allows not only increasing to the flow of fluid, but to also rate the production and the coefficient of oil recovery. However the complexity and specific geological structure of reservoirs sometimes does not allow achieving predicted oil recovery factors, so specialists are still pursuing news techniques and fracturing technologies.At present, one of the ways to improve multi-zone fracturing technology on the horizontal section of production wells is the unique TTS technology.
The acronym TTS which stands for TEXAS TWO STEPS was borrowed from a dance in which the position of the steps does not change sequentially. The TTS technology draws its meaning from it. [1]
The principle of this technology, which was introduced by Lukoil in 2016, is to increase the productivity of low-permeability formations by creating an artificial reservoir. In the reservoir, due to the change in the stress vector in the space between the fractures, the ef-feet of additional fracturing is created.
The essence of this technology lies in the fact that hydraulic fracturing on the wells horizontal sections is not carried out sequentially, but rather in a changed order.
Figurel: principle of the TTS fracturing technology
The technology provides for the presence of controllable ports in the well completion assembly, which move from the "open - closed" position using a flexible pipe with a special tool. The advantage of performing this fracture using the technology TTS is that there is no need for precise positioning of the ports on the well behind each other, shorter fracturing cracks are created, but at the same time risks are reduced during the procedure.
Today in western Siberia exactly, at the Imilorsko-Istochny license area which is located at 65 km south -west of Noyarsk in the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous District in the Surgut District of Khanty-Mansi autonomous Discrit, 20 horizontal wells were put into development with multizonal hydrofracturing conducted using TTS technology. Of these, 10 wells of the Imilor-sko-Istochnoye field are operated with an average oil production rate of 68 tons / day. Also, 10 wells are operating at the Tevlinsko-Russkinskoye, Potochny and Severo-Pokachevskoye fields.
The introduction of this exclusive technology allowed to increase the flow rates of wells by an average of 32% and to improve the technical and economic indicators of the development of objects with hard-to-re-cover reserves. Compared to standard multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the innovative technology resulted in an increase in oil flow rates by 1.2-1.6 times.
When carrying out multistage fracturing using the TTS technology, it is recommended to:
- use a linear fracturing fluid and a cross linked fluid-sand carrier with a gravity of up to 500 CPs.
-coiled tubing installation on the well pad during the entire operation
-the injection rate should not exceed 7M3 / min
-do more than 7 stages of hydraulic fracturing.
The experience of carrying out multi-zone hydraulic fracturing using the TTS technology proved that despite the presence of low-permeability reservoirs or fields with a complex geological structure, the flow rate of wells increased by 1.2-1.6 times compared to the use of the standard multi-zone hydraulic fracturing.
From this we can infer that this technology is one of the most promising and a reliable measure aimed at increasing oil production of low-permeability reservoirs. Therefore it deserves more attention in it use and improvement.
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2. Экономидес М. Унифицированный дизайн гидроразрыва пласта. учеб. пособие / Экономидес М., Олайни Р., Валько П. Москва.: Петроальянс Сервис Компании Лимитед, 2014. 543 с.
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4. [1] https://youtu.be/rFq3kpN5wxg
