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ANALYZING THE MAIN REQUIREMENTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN Aysacheva Z.Á.1, Abdumominova N.I.2 Email: [email protected]
'Aysacheva Zilola Abdulfaiz Kizi — Assistant,
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT; 2Abdumominova Nigora Ikhtyorovna — Student, SPECIALITY: AUTOMOBILE BUILDING AND TRACTOR BUILDING, ANDIJANMACHINE BUILDING INSTITUTE, ANDIJAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article outlines the main requirements for today's automotive industry. In addition, the automotive industry is characterized by aesthetic, economic and social needs. In my article works of other researchers have been used taking into consideration the importance of our own native design models rather than importing and adopting the foreign car designs. We looked at the ways of advancing the front lights of the car, mainly its design avoiding consistent and similar aspects in its physical appearance. In order to increase the competitiveness of automobiles and tractors produced in Uzbekistan it is necessary not only to increase their capacity, capacity, fuel-economic indicators and resources, but also to improve comfort and environmental safety. The level and competitiveness of the machine-building improvements are linked to their management and ease of service. Until recently, these issues were not adequately addressed in production or in the curriculum. Among the reasons for this situation are the reduction of the machine cost; a lack of market demand and, finally, deep scientific research and lack of textbooks but also to give an idea of the general concept of placing an interior space of the cabinet, taking into account the anthropometric characteristics of the engineer-designer and the designer, the reduction of the influence of the human and machine's comfortable and dangerous interaction, negative factors. The designer's creative approach to understanding the shape is creative, as it helps to discover the essence ofprofessional intuition. Of course, a very large variety of shapes does not always allow for a quick overview of the positive or negative product. It can be an additional tool for examining the form, referring to the initial emotional impulse, which expresses the particular characteristics and quality of the shape, its developmental law analysis. Keywords: automotive design, requirements, safety.
АНАЛИЗ ОСНОВНЫХ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ДЛЯ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОГО
ДИЗАЙНА Айсачева З.А.1, Абдумуминова Н.И.2
'Айсачева Зилота Абдулфаиз кизи — ассистент, кафедра автомобилестроения;
2Абдумуминова Нигора Ихтиеровна — студент, специальность: автомобиле-и тракторостроение, Андижанский машиностроительный институт, г. Андижан, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в этой статье изложены основные требования к современной автомобильной промышленности. Кроме того, автомобильная промышленность характеризуется эстетическими, экономическими и социальными потребностями. В целях повышения конкурентоспособности автомобилей и тракторов, производимых в Узбекистане, необходимо не только увеличить свои мощности, топливно-экономические показатели и ресурсы, но и повысить комфорт и экологическую безопасность. Уровень и конкурентоспособность улучшений в машиностроении связаны с их управлением и простотой обслуживания. До недавнего времени эти вопросы не были должным образом рассмотрены на производстве или в учебной программе. Среди причин этой ситуации - снижение стоимости машины; отсутствие рыночного спроса и, наконец, глубокие научные исследования и отсутствие учебников, а также дать представление об общей концепции размещения внутреннего пространства кабинета с учетом антропометрических характеристик инженера-дизайнера и дизайнера, снижение влияния комфортного и опасного взаимодействия человека и машины, негативные факторы. Творческий подход дизайнера к пониманию формы креативен, поскольку он помогает обнаружить суть профессиональной интуиции. Конечно, очень большое разнообразие форм не всегда позволяет быстро просмотреть положительный или отрицательный продукт. Это может быть дополнительный инструмент для изучения
формы, относящийся к первоначальному эмоциональному импульсу, который выражает особые характеристики и качество формы, анализ его закономерности развития. Ключевые слова: дизайн автомобилей, требования, безопасность.
УДК 629.331
The automotive industry of Uzbekistan is a modern enterprise, which today has the opportunity to produce products that meet the highest international standards, and in turn, are equipped with unique and modern technologies that are adapted to produce new types of products. Cars manufactured by local car makers today demonstrate the reliability, quality and strength of Uzbek cars on the roads of many countries around the world.
High quality is one of the most important factors of the high demand of Uzbek cars in the domestic and foreign markets. In order to improve the quality of products, gradual implementation of measures, covering the production system, quality control processes and the supply of spare parts, is yielding little results. Localization is essential for the development of automotive industry and its production capacities. This allows for sustainable development of the economy, accelerate introduction of new and effective technologies in production. Extensive use of local raw materials and production resources contributes to the currency saving through encouraging modern, competitive products and reducing imports of component parts. That is why our car makers are constantly working to reduce the production of the necessary spare parts for cars. Bumpers, car windows and seats, interior parts of car's interior, lacquer materials, loudspeakers and shockproof shields, fuel tanks, outdoor lighting fixtures, electric jacks, automobiles, electric cocks, batteries, wheels and chassis carriages, fuel pumps, generators, compressors, and many others [1 ].
The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on measures to continue implementation of promising projects of localization of production of finished products, components and materials for 2017 2019 reflects the problems which are given above.
The GM Action Plan has a very basic motto: - "Design, build and sell one ofthe best cars in the world".
Despite the fact that GM Uzbekistan is intensively working in two and three sectors, we can see that the car is in the process of running new projects. The purpose of the design of the machine is to create new types and models of automobiles and parts that meet high tech level, social benefits, handyness and convenience.
Based on the yearbook of Active Enterprise, Innovative Ideas and Technology Support, a new design of some of GM Uzbekistan's vehicles is still in the industry, but for an increasingly cost-effective enterprise, the national brand has grown by using a new design that has been acquired by foreign investors and, on the other hand, it provides a new look at the product market.
The developed vehicle must meet several requirements in accordance with technical provisions, technical aesthetic regulations [fig. 1].
Fig. 1. Structure main requirements
Aesthetic requirements are the need of a person to express the characteristics of the product or complex through the emotionalally accepted features ofthe form [fig.2]. Aesthetics are a common requirement for the product.
It consists of individual and grouped aesthetic requirements, which are defined according to the known type or the intended product. Compared to today's cars and tractors, the grouped requirements are: informality of the form, compositional excellence and convenience. The formality of the form is determined by its designation, type, brand name, possible options, and the order of operation of the product, so as to enable the manufacturer to easily identify the consumer. All this will be the recognition of the product when taken together [2].
Identification of the product is achieved through the separation of the elemental elements by artistic means, as well as the existence of emblems, symbols, commonly accepted codes and records [4].
The main reason for the compositional perfection of the form is the existence of the basis of all the compositions. The composition of the composition of the car and tractor breaks its integrity.
Fig. 2. Structure aesthetic requirements
The second requirement of composite perfection is the conformity of composition to the functional-constructive characteristic of the machine, ie, its constructive solution with the aesthetic characteristic of the volume-spatial structure.
The third requirement is the ability to access a vehicle complex - a predetermined amount of production that forms part of the production environment. The agricultural machinery complex will include, for example, the technical means of cultivating agricultural crops or for example, road construction works.
The quintessential demand is that the elements of the graphics and the color correction are based on the fact that the elements of the data carrier graphics are well-arranged. Separation of them in the general background adds some contrast to the shape, gives it a great sense of humor and makes it aesthetically perfect. These cars are related to tractors and cars that are aggregated with them. In developing the composition, the completeness of the form will apply to products that have the function of relative independence, primarily cars.
The above-mentioned individual group of requirements - is the basis for forming a style. The concept of style goes beyond the limits of the composer's excellence. This also applies to the requirement to provide information. Understand the existence of a unique characteristic of the style, complexity, and the existence of unique characters in various forms of human activity. Stylists are formally called boundaries, which form the outline of the shape, the appearance of the object and its components. Separate some of the things and some of their complexes. These styles only apply to their shape. From the history of the memorial, I know the style of novels, gothic and baroque. The national style associated with the lifestyle and traditions of some nationalities and nations is especially different.
The designer's task is to find a rational and methodical solution to the tractor developed. It develops the shape in less-fashioned ways, but it ensures the connection to the environment, time, and style. Thus, the automotive and tractor family's methodological solution is unique. Compatibility of shapes and elements with the chosen material, the physical properties of the material's plasticity limits
the official boundaries. The physical property of material plasticity falls to the notion of technical aesthetics, and artistic design - to the plastic of the form. Under the plastic of the form, they understand the volume-space structure, the plasticity of the material and the laws of forming, the tectonics, the rhythm, the meter and the nouance will be coordinated.
We can see utility-functional requirements as follows. The intended purpose, benefits and type of product of the product are directly influenced by its shape, and also to some organizers. The utility-functional requirements of the product are the ability to effectively perform the main function (function) and to perform additional functions. Let's look at this as an example of a tractor, the main function of which is to grow a variety of agricultural crops. The width of the linear width determines the magnitude of the tractor treadmill in the larger limits, which in turn requires that it be adjusted. It is possible to carry out a number of technological operations with other tractor transport, sowing and land preparation, taking into account the shortness of the construction period. The machine was eventually universal. The operating conditions, the working and transport speeds, the tire dimensions, and the like are slightly affected by the design and construction of the tractor. Creating a condition for the driver to perform his duties is primarily achieved through his / her working conditions. This is mainly determined by the ability of the driver to create an aggregate without the involvement of the work force, the comfort of the booth, the forces in the governing bodies, the additional worker and the special management tools [4].
Technological and general technical requirements are as follows. Technological demand should be taken into account when designing the product. The new vehicle (tractor) is required to develop the artistic project or modernize the existing design, knowing about the existing technology and production capabilities. This knowledge does not need to brake the production of a new project, because it does not only create more perfect forms of artistic design, but also modernize production, create new technologies, and use progressive materials. Artistic and technological methods are in conflict and do not need to collide. The quality of the machine depends on the careful design of the project. It will not always be possible to give the complex faces of the shape, their compositing and divorce by the help of my drawings. The solution to this task is achieved by the method of using geometric keys, which is then caught.
Fig. 3. Structure compatibity of social-economic requirements
Socioeconomic demands represent the individual's relationship with some industrial products and a purely artificial environment, and is derived from the social need and the ability of society. Socioeconomic requirements: social needs of the product, optimal assortment and class; Form and product compatibility; unification and standardization requirements; the cost of the product and its compatibility [fig 3]. Compliance with the highest achievement achieved at home and abroad is a requirement. The economic development level of the society depends on the quality and quantity of equipment, which in its turn reflects the state of the economy. Due to the development of the
community, utility models of cars and tractors have aesthetic character. The condition of cars and tractors was largely caused by their unification (unification), universalization and classification. It does not cover excessive volatility in the technology. For example, machines designed as original designs generally are rarely used and are considered to be inaccurate, because their current size is not confirmed by experiments and is not credible.
Utilizing benefits (benefits) is the opportunity to benefit from the benefits of reaching a certain goal. Utility-functional requirements are the requirements for the carrier's function and the benefit of the vehicle [3].
Fashionable design involves a number of issues that are related to the relationship between fashion and wear and tear of the shape and shape. Understand the phenomenon of socio-psychological phenomena in terms of fashion, the ideals of philosophy and objects, the way in which they form the dominant dominant social environment.
The nature of the outbreak of the car and tractor depletion depends not only on scientific and technological progress, but on the viability of the form, the proportion of the pattern, and the duration of the pattern, and the time of its depiction.
When it comes to machines, it is important to ensure that they are first of all quality, durable and expensive. This should be taken into account not only domestic requirements, but also import operations that can be carried out abroad.
Song's days have fueled the debate on Cobalt's external appearance, which, according to the negotiation and the requirements, is the project of replacing the front lamps and air conditioning system.
References / Список литературы
1. Mirziyoev Sh.M. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M.Mirziyoev on measures to continue implementation of promising projects on production of ready-made sorts of furniture, components and materials for 2017 2019. Tashkent. December. 26, 2016. PQ-2698.
2. Mamatov H. Automotive engineering // Tools 1 and 2 part. Tashkent. Uzbekistan, 1995-98.
3. Mirboboyev V.A. Technology of building materials. "Teacher". Tashkent, 1991. 474. pg.
4. Aysacheva Z.A. Ergonomics and design. // Annual for automotive engineering students. Andijan.: 2016. 176 pg.
КОНСТРУКТИВНЫЕ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТОВ ИЗ ЛОПАСТНЫХ СВАЙ
В МНОГОЛЕТНЕМЕРЗЛЫХ ГРУНТАХ Губко Г.Л. Email: [email protected]
Губко Георгий Львович — магистр, кафедра теории и практики организационно-технологических и экономических решений в строительстве, Дальневосточный федеральный университет, г. Владивосток
Аннотация: на данный момент возведение фундаментов на лопастных сваях значительно облегчает процесс строительства. Отсутствие земляных работ и периода ожидания, пока заливной раствор созреет, становятся основными факторами, которые мотивируют изучить данный вид фундамента более подробно. В данной статье основное внимание уделено конструкции и технологии погружения данных свай, а также методов оптимизации данного процесса. Рассмотрены достоинства и недостатки данного вида фундаментов. Рассмотрен вопрос применения данных свай в условиях вечной мерзлоты. Ключевые слова: строительство, сваи, фундаменты, разработки.
CONSTRUCTIVE AND TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS OF THE BASES FROM BLADED PILES IN PERMAFROST SOIL Gubko G.L.
Gubko Georgy Lvovich - Master, DEPARTMENT OF THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DECISIONS IN CONSTRUCTION FAR EASTERN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY, VLADIVOSTOK
