CC BY
9
Kuchkorov Kh.Kh.
teacher
Department of Uzbek Literature Chirchik State Pedagogical University
ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF THE NOVEL "THE ALCHEMIST" BY PAULO COELHO
Abstract. This article analyzes the main images of the novel "The Alchemist" by Paulo Coelho. The relationship between real life and fiction is discussed.
Key words: obraz, work of art, language, translation, analysis, hero.
The novel "The Alchemist" is one of the world famous works written by the Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho. The work was published in more than 100 countries of the world, translated into about 60 foreign languages. So, why did the work become so popular?
If we talk about the work, the image of the work is about the shepherd boy Santiago and his journey.
The writer described his thoughts through the dialogues of the characters of the work. For example, let's take the conversation between King Salim and Santiago. According to the king, there is one great truth on this planet: regardless of who you are and what you do, when you truly want something, you will achieve it, because such a desire is also wounded in the Heart of the Universe. This is your lot on Earth. Even if we turn to theological (religious) theories, they say that a person should always have good intentions, work tirelessly and ask the Creator, as a result, he can achieve his dream. Through this conversation, the writer recommends to continue moving towards your dream.
At one point in the play, the Old Man (Salim Tsar) tells Santiago a story about happiness. A merchant sent his son to the most famous scientist to find out what fortune is and what secrets it has. The boy wandered the fields for forty days and nights and finally saw a wonderful castle on top of a mountain. In this castle lives the Scholar he was looking for. As expected, the castle didn't even look like a deserted hut of a scientist, on the contrary, it was full of people: merchants were showing off their work, and some of them were talking in corners, a group of miraculous artists was performing a mein kuy, in the middle of the hall, in this country. A table full of delicacies is laid out. The scholar willingly met and asked the guests one by one, and the young man had to wait for two hours before his turn. Finally Donishmand hears the purpose of his visit, but says that he does not have time to explain what happiness is and what secrets it has. He orders the boy to look at the castle, turn around and come back here in two hours.
"Actually, I have one more question for you," he said, handing the young man a teaspoon with two drops of oil. "Take this spoon, look, don't spill any more oil." The young man, without taking his eyes off the spoon, goes up and down the stairs and walks around the palace. "Well," says Donishmand, "do you like the Persian carpets in the dining room?" What about the trees and flower beds in the garden? They were built by flower gardeners when they were ten years old. What about the old thick books and leather-bound manuscripts in my library?" The grown-up young man admits that he didn't see them, when the castle turned, he didn't take his attention from the oil in the tea spoon, which he entrusted to his master. "Go back and watch the miracles in my house," says Donishmand. "How can you trust a person whose life you have not seen?" The young man went around the palace again with a spoon in his hand. This time, he is not as attentive as before, but looks at the rare furniture and works of art that decorate the rooms. He observes the gardens and the rocks surrounding the castle, appreciates the beauty of flowers, pictures and statues. When he returned to the scholar, he told him everything he had seen. "Two drops of oil blood, I ordered you not to spill?" - asks Donishmand. Then the boy noticed that the oil in the spoon was spilled. "This is the only advice I can give you," the wise man told him. "The secret of happiness is to see all the charm and freshness of the world, and at the same time, never to forget two drops of oil in a teaspoon." looks at works of art. He observes the gardens and the rocks surrounding the castle, appreciates the beauty of flowers, pictures and statues. When he returned to the scholar, he told him everything he had seen. "Two drops of oil blood, I ordered you not to spill?" - asks Donishmand. Then the boy noticed that the oil in the spoon was spilled. "This is the only advice I can give you," the wise man told him. "The secret of happiness is to see all the charm and freshness of the world, and at the same time, never to forget two drops of oil in a teaspoon." looks at works of art. He observes the gardens and the rocks surrounding the castle, appreciates the beauty of flowers, pictures and statues. When he returned to the scholar, he told him everything he had seen. "Two drops of oil blood, I ordered you not to spill?" - asks Donishmand. Then the boy noticed that the oil in the spoon was spilled. "This is the only advice I can give you," the wise man told him. "The secret of happiness is to see all the charm and freshness of the world, and at the same time, never to forget two drops of oil in a teaspoon." I ordered you not to spill?" - asks Donishmand. Then the boy noticed that the oil in the spoon was spilled. "This is the only advice I can give you," the wise man told him. "The secret of happiness is to see all the charm and freshness of the world, and at the same time, never to forget two drops of oil in a teaspoon." I ordered you not to spill?" - asks Donishmand. Then the boy noticed that the oil in the spoon was spilled. "This is the only advice I can give you," the wise man told him. "The secret of happiness is to see all the charm and freshness of the world, and at the same time, never to forget two drops of oil in a teaspoon."
In my opinion, the writer used the image of two drops of oil to say that in any situation, a person should never forget himself and his real duty on earth.
In another place, the words of old lady Loli to Santiago attract the reader's attention. God determines the path of every person in this world, you will find your way there through these signs. You just need to be able to read the signs -what is written. Of course, if the dream is sincerely believed, during life, the Creator will give certain signs to his servants. It is not without reason that the phrase "I fell on my heart".
As the culminating point of the work, I consider the place where the following thoughts are given. That's the meaning. Why can't a person's dream come true? There are always four obstacles to this. First, when you dream big in your youth (president, astronaut, etc.), your relatives tell you not to dream unfulfilled. This is the first danger. Despair usually comes from this. The second is love that most of us encounter. Sometimes people think that love is an obstacle in my life. Actually the opposite. There will be enthusiasm for movement. When you understand that love is not an obstacle, a third cow appears. It is a feeling of fear of failure and defeat. Let's not forget that life consists only of tests. You will be rewarded for passing each test. In fact, you should not be afraid of them. The fourth obstacle is very strange, but it is encountered in practice. When a person achieves his dream, he thinks, I am not suitable for it. He will lose the fruits of his labor. He forgets all the difficulties he has faced. I would call this stage the killer of victory.
In order to understand, study and interpret the works of Paulo Coelho, first of all, it is necessary to be aware of Torah, Injil, Zabur, Koranic truth, signs, symbols and philosophies. Growing up under the influence of Jorge Borges and Henry Miller's books from his youth, he took up tourism as a profession in order to understand the world more deeply, and was engaged in magic and sorcery.
There are two views on the social role of fiction: a) a work of art is created for the public and b) it is created for individuals. The works published in the long history of world literature show these two principles. Let's say, it is not a matter of the average reader, after reading a few pages of Franz Kafka's work "The Process", to put it aside without understanding - this putting aside, of course, has nothing to do with the value of "The Process" as a work of art. For example, as much as "Anna Karenina" or "Days of the Past" are readable for lovers of interesting events, for supporters of the principle "Art for Art's sake" there is a deep meaning in these works. Paulo Coelho's works meet the needs of both categories of readers.
While reading the novels "The Alchemist", "The Devil and Lady Prim", "The Witch of Portobello", such thoughts arise:
- these novels, first of all, are traditional, not monologic;
- special training is needed to understand the symbols and signs in the inner layers of the text of the novel, to put it simply, it is difficult for any student to "get through" correctly;
- theology - being aware of theology, various religions, as well as Sufism helps to understand the essence of the work;
- also, being aware of the philosophical teachings created in India, China, Europe and the East serves as an opening for novels;
- from the general pathos of the works, it is not difficult to attach the influence of "One Thousand and One Nights", the spirit of the truth-legends about Jacob, Joseph, Jesus Christ, especially the tone and style of the literary-philosophical school of the Colombian writer GG Marquez.
In conclusion, the work is rich in content. It is no exaggeration to say that the work is a guide that reflects the truths of life.
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