CC BY
7УДК 621.75 Aliev N.A., Oruczade S. V.
Aliev N.A.
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (Baku, Azerbaijan)
Oruczade S.V.
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (Baku, Azerbaijan)
ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES FOR A FIXED MODE
Аннотация: among the different types of electric machines, synchronous machines are widely used machines in many fields of the economy. Synchronous machines are manufactured with a wide range of powers and rotational frequencies. These machines are used in power plants as generators in industrial installations as propulsion engines. Synchronous motors basically require the adjustment of the rotation frequency of mechanisms such as compressors, pumps, fans, diesel generators, and the transmissions of visible and invisible polar expressions are produced.
Ключевые слова: synchronous machines, stator, winding, variables, rotor.
A synchronous machine is a two-winding alternating current electric machine, one of whose windings is connected to the mains with a constant frequency ю1, and the second one is excited by a constant current (ю2=0). In a broader sense, a two-winding AC machine is called synchronous, its windings are fed from a network with constant frequencies ю1 and ю2. Any synchronous machine consists of two main parts: the stator (stationary part) and the rotor (rotating part). The most common are synchronous machines with an armature winding on the stator and an excitation winding on the rotor. Such machines are simply called "synchronous machines". The remaining synchronous machines belong to "special design synchronous machines", which include permanent magnet synchronous machines, asynchronous machines,
reverse design machines, etc. includes It follows from the works devoted to the parametric identification of synchronous machines that the solution to this problem consists of several components.
1. Selection of the mathematical model of the machine (complete, simplified Park-Gorev equations, symbolic, operator form).
2. Selecting the initial operating mode of the machine (off, with fixed rotor, idle mode, load mode, partially disassembled, etc.).
3. Selection of disturbing effect. There are many variations on this point. Disturbance is the application of alternating current, direct current, variable frequency current to the stator or rotor, mechanical action on the shaft, etc. can be. Electric machines consist of 2 main components: rotating (rotor) and stationary (stator).
Figure 1 Stator and rotor.
Depending on the type of rotor, electric machines with protruding and non-protruding poles are distinguished. The above figure shows design options for rotating units with open and hidden poles . The difference in the design is the rotor inductance along the longitudinal and transverse axis. Rotors with protruding poles have different longitudinal and transverse inductance, while the rotating part of
electric machines with unstable poles has equal inductance. The parameters of the synchronous machine are the coefficients of the variables in the equations describing the energy conversion processes in synchronous machines. In pole machines, the active resistance of the shock absorber winding differs along the longitudinal and transverse axes of the machine. Stator loop parameters for steady mode: Stator winding length:
C = 2(l, + le) The length of the front part of the stator loop:
n(D + h , )в
'' = I b,+s, , + h"+ 2'
2 N1+( ^)2
Synchronous motors designed to generate only reactive power are called synchronous compensators. However, synchronous compensators cause noise, vibration, are expensive to operate and are explosive when using hydrogen cooling, so they try to abandon them and use more advanced reactive power compensation devices.
Conclusion. Understanding the parameters of synchronous machines under steady-state conditions is essential for effective operation and control of power systems. Synchronous reactance, transient response and subtransient response are among the main parameters that characterize the behavior of these machines and affect their operation. Engineers and operators can ensure the stability, reliability and efficiency of power grids by comprehensively analyzing these parameters and their importance to power system performance.
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