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7SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 5 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=22257
ANALYSIS OF FAULTS IN THE BODIES OF RAILWAY SCALES INSPECTION WAGONS TYPE VPV-640
Nodir Botir ugli Nurilla Jasurbek Sodirjon Shohruh Narimon
Adilov Khayrullayevich ugli Sobirov ugli Kahramonov
Ermatov
Assistants of "High-speed electrical rolling stock" department of Tashkent State
Transport University
ABSTRACT
In this article, studied the analysis of the technical condition of the metal structures of weighing wagons, through visual inspection it is necessary to identify faults that affect their service life. When examining the technical condition of five randomly selected wagons, a visual inspection was carried out, which made it possible to identify a number of major faults, failure criteria and limit states of the weighing wagon elements that affect its service life.
Keywords: freight wagon, six-axle gondola wagon, railway, weight checking wagon, automatic coupler, speed.
INTRODUCTION
One of the main conditions for the phased development of the railway transport of the independent Republic of Uzbekistan is the renewal and replenishment of the fleet of freight and passenger wagons with modern domestically produced wagons that meet international standards, as well as extending the service life of existing wagons for their optimal use in operation [1-3].
At present, it is very important for railway scales at stations to accurately measure the weight of the rolling stock.
In particular, the fact that railway scales do not accurately measure the weight of the rolling stock negatively affects the following important points.
1. Cargo documents
2. Economic organizing factors
3. To control the load falling on the rails
4. Wear rails
It is known that there is a wagon for checking railway scales, which periodically checks the scales at the stations.
The weighing wagon type 640-VPV (Fig-1) is designed on the basis of a six-axle gondola wagon with a carrying capacity of 93-95 tons, equipped with standard shock-
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traction devices and a brake system, which allows it to be included in the train at set speeds up to 120 km/h.
Weighing wagon - performs mechanized verification of various types of wagon scales, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the readings of weight measuring instruments. The verification process is mechanized as much as possible. The wagon to the scales to be verified is moved by means of locomotives.
The 640-VPV weighing wagon is a self-propelled unit equipped with exemplary equipment and mechanisms for checking wagon scales with maximum loads of 150 tons and 200 tons.
Wagon body structure
The all-metal body of the weighing wagon is a welded structure of a frame, two side and two end walls and a roof. The wagon contains a hoist boom, an electric power cabinet, a diesel power plant, control equipment, a workbench for metalwork, a cabinet for clothes and tools. Two self-propelled weighing wagonts and exemplary weights in the amount of 36 (38) pieces, accuracy class M1, weighing 2000 kg are laid on the floor of the weighing wagon.
On one of the end walls of the wagon there is a window and a hatch, covered with shutters, for servicing the diesel engine. The other end opening is closed across the entire width with double doors designed for unloading and loading weights and carts.
Inside the wagon body, on a beam welded to the roof, there is an electric hoist boom with a gripper for two self-propelled weighing wagonts and weights.
A DES-M-30 diesel power plant and control equipment are installed in the head left part of the wagon inside.
In the middle part of the wagon, one weighing trolley is installed, on which two more exemplary weights weighing 2000 kg are laid [4-5].
On the right side of the body, near the end doors, there is a second weighing trolley. Outside the wagon, under the center beam, two movement mechanisms are installed - right and left.
Since the body of the weighing wagon has no windows, artificial lighting is provided from 10 lamps installed on the side walls of the body.
Battery lighting is provided as auxiliary temporary lighting. Plafonds of battery lighting (3 pcs.) are located above the diesel engine on the end and side walls of the wagon.
At the ends of the wagon, two headlights are installed on the outside to illuminate the path of the wagon. There is a portable searchlight to illuminate the working area. To illuminate the workplace during repair work, portable lighting (12 volts) is provided.
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To ensure forced ventilation of the weighing wagon during operation of the diesel power plant, a fan is installed on the end wall. The stock of fuel and oil is stored in six cans with a capacity of 20 liters each. Cans are located in the openings of the side walls of the body. Fire fighting equipment consists of four hand-held carbon dioxide fire extinguishers mounted on the side walls inside the body.
All removable and mobile equipment (exemplary weights, weighing trolleys, hoist boom, etc.) is fixed with special devices when moving the wagon as part of the train.
The frame of the weight-checking wagon is made of low-alloy steel grade 09G2 and consists of beams: backbone 2 (Figure 1), two buffer 1, two pivot 4 and five transverse 3. In addition, brackets 5 and 6 are welded to the frame for mounting brake cylinders and spare tanks.
The center beam is made of two Z-profile beams with a cross section of 310x9x183x10.5x130x16 mm, to which an I-beam with a cross section of 190x75x7 mm is welded along the entire length. The distance between the vertical walls of the center beam is assumed to be 350 mm. Rosettes are attached at the ends of the spinal beam, combined into one casting with front thrust squares, and at a distance of 625 mm from them, rear thrust squares of the automatic coupler, also combined into a common casting, are attached [6-7].
Fig. 1. Frame of the weighing wagon
Between the front and rear thrust squares, replaceable pads are riveted to the walls of the center beam, protecting the beams from rubbing them with draft gears of the automatic coupler.
At the intersection of the center beam with the pivot beams of the frame, steel thrust bearing castings are riveted.
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The pivot beam has a top sheet 8 mm thick, equipped with a corrugation located along the beam. Such corrugations, available on all transverse beams, allow loads to be supported on the frame beams. Vertical sheets 1 pivot beam have a thickness of 6 mm. On the bottom sheet 2, having a thickness of 10 mm, the pads 5 are reinforced with bolts with a diameter of 22 mm. These bolts pass through the over-plate casting and the lower shelves of the zeta of the main beam. The pivot beams have support platforms at the bottom for jacks used when lifting the body. The intermediate transverse beam has an upper belt 7 180 mm wide and 8 mm thick, equipped with a corrugation, and vertical sheets 6 mm thick. The lower belt consists of two corners 8 with a section of 50x50x5 mm, connected in the middle part by a strip 9. To connect the vertical sheets with the I-beam of the main beam, inserts 10 are welded, having a hole to facilitate them.
Fig. 2. General view of the weight-checking wagon model VPV-640
It inspects the railway scales at railway stations four times a year in accordance with the instructions. A special certificate for railway scales shall be issued after inspection by a wagon intended for inspection of railway scales.
There are 11 wagons which is used for checking railway scales in operation in our country.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 5 I 2022
ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=222ff7
Fig. 3. General view of the body part of the weight-checking wagon model VPV-
640
MATERIALS AND METHODS. Visual analyzes were carried out to assess the technical condition of 5 out of 11 wagons of type 640 VPV, designed to check railway scales in operation in the railway system.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. An analysis of the literature shows that the following faults were observed in the elements of the scales (1-table).
Table 2
Analysis of faults in the bodies of railway scales inspection wagons type VPV-640
Elements of the weighing wagon type 640- VPV Faults
Spinal gully 1. Cracks in the upper part 2. Cracks on the inside 3. Decay 4. Bending 5. Stretching 6. Corrosion
Pivot beam
End beam
Longitudinal beam
Exterior and interior of the body
In the body coating
W hen examining the technical condition of five randomly selected wagons,
visual inspection was carried out, which made it possible to identify a number of major Uzbekistan www.scientificprogress.uz Page 59
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faults, failure criteria and limit states of the weighing wagon elements that affect its service life.
When inspecting the bodies from the outside (Figure 2), it was found that the side wall sheathing sheets had traces of corrosion under the paint. It is necessary to clean the body of old paint and boil rusty places. The pillars and end walls of the bodies are mostly free of defects.
The welds of the connection of the uprights with the cross beam and the connection of the side wall sheathing with the uprights must be checked and welded.
During the inspection inside the weighing wagons, it was revealed that the wooden floor requires 100% replacement, the monorail (I-beam) needs to be repaired. It is necessary to restore the supporting part of the monorail by applying corner N 50. Due to wear, it is necessary to replace the rollers of the bogie hoist inside the wagon.
For safety reasons, it is necessary to check the resistance and dryness of the insulation. Flexible wiring protection requires replacement as standard.
The bottom sheet of the pivot beam of the weighing wagon model 640-VPV-267 has a welding crack (Figure-4).
The metal plates of the weighing wagon model 640-VPV-285 in the area of the connection of the transverse beams with the center beam are destroyed under the action of corrosion (Figure-5). At the time of inspection, the thickness of the metal lining is 30% of the nominal. It is necessary to install wear-resistant pads on the sides of the bogies of weighing wagons.
Fig. 3. Crack in the inner wall of the body of the weighing wagon model VPV-640
due to external impact
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Fig. 4. Crack in the roof part of the body of the weighing wagon model VPV-640 due to the weight load of exemplary weights
Fig. 5. Aging of the wooden floor of the weighing wagon model VPV-640
External and internal factors affect the failure of the railway scales inspection wagons. External factors [8-10]:
1. Air temperature 2. Humidity 3. Wind.
Due to the fact that the railway scales inspection wagons are used in different conditions of the test wagons, corrosion (corrosion) occurs due to air temperature,
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 5 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=5.016) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=222ff7
humidity, wind in the load-bearing elements of the wagon. Internal factors: 1. Deformation under load 2. Loss of properties of metals.
Deformation due to loading causes the metals to lose their properties.
CONCLUSION. The above literature and visual analysis show that the outer and inner parts of the body of the scales of steel scales, the body lining was damaged under the influence of external and internal factors on the pivot, end, longitudinal beams. This will reduce the service life of the wagons. It is necessary to inspect these wagons on the basis of normative documents, as such defects have been observed. In this case, it is necessary to measure the geometric dimensions of the load-bearing parts and check the wagon norm using special software.
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