CC BY
13Southwest Airlines: They use secondary airports offering pliability of a bus trip with the speed of an airplane.
Nintendo Wii: Instead of releasing a video game console with advance technology and more features than the previous ones, Nintendo released one console with innovative but easy to handle controls. They made it to attract populations such as the elderly, people with body disabilities that can't play real sport, small kids etc, that are typically excluded from the target demographic for video games.
An example of how a survey between consumers can reveal their thought and reactions about the name or the logo of your brand or product is that of Amazon. Sometimes companies are giving the short list of possible names and logos to random consumers so they can see if people accept, understand and like them. In a market full of competitor brands you have to fight other products that are familiar to people. Amazon's first name was Cadabra. One attorney that was working with Jeff Bezos, the founder of that time Cadabra, called him and mistakenly didn't heard the correct name of Ca-dabra. He heard Cadaver. Bezos thought that this may be a common mistake between clients. So Cadabra became Amazon (Gunelius, n.d.).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the importance of a proper market research before the launch of a brand new product or service is more than significant. Researching the market you can find out what the needs of the consumers are, who are potential customers, you can get knowledge about market opportunities, and generate ideas. Also you can learn about the right method to promote your new products and how to communicate with possible consumers. All of that for a single purpose, to create and introduce your new products effectively.
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7. Nielsen.com. (2014). Global Snack Food Sales Reach $374 Billion Annually. [online] Available at: http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/press-room/2014/global-snack-food-sales-reach-374-billion-annually.html [Accessed 30 July 2021].
8. Washington, R. (2013). How 3 Companies Used Market Research to Pivot their Businesses. [online] Blog.marketresearch.com. Available at: http://blog.marketresearch.com/blog-home-page/bid/334826/How-3-Companies-Used-Market-Research-to-Pivot-their-Businesses [Accessed 28 July 2021].
9. Wiid, J. and Diggines, C. (2009). Marketing research. 1st ed. Lansdowne, Cape Town: Juta.
ANALYSIS OF CAMEL BREEDING SECTOR OF AGRICULTURE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Makulbayev A.T.,
Candidate of economic sciences Shymkent University Abdikerimova G.I.,
Candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University Yesbolova A.
PhD in Economics M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Abstract
The paper aims to contextualize the current state camel breeding in Kazakhstan. There were analyzed statistical data as well as policy documents and reports. The special attention was paid for examination of strengths and weaknesses of camel breeding sector of agriculture.
Camel farming is that branch of productive animal husbandry, which will involve more than 100 million ha in the turnover of economic activities of desert and semi-desert lands with the subsequent development of social infrastructure with all attributes of a competitive market economy. The gene pool of camel breeds of Kazakhstan is unique and diversity in Central Asia and the Eurasian continent as a whole.
Keywords: Camel breeding, economy, development, agriculture, strategy, Kazakhstan
Introduction
From a regional perspective, one of the most effective and promising directions of agriculture in desert and semi-desert zones of Kazakhstan is a traditional agricultural sector production - camel farming. Now development environment productive camel husbandry is a priority in production products are occupied by dairy camel farming.
The problem of increasing desert land in view of active economic human activities are a pressing issue in the south-west region Kazakhstan. In conditions of deserts and semi-deserts, the development of dairy cattle breeding is impossible due to the paucity of feed resources except for productive camel breeding [1].
Methods
The analysis presented in this paper are based on the Program for the Development of Agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the years 2017-2021. Additionally, information from scientific and statistical journals, laws and regulations of the regional and municipal authorities are used. The statistical data were collected from reports of the Ministry of Agriculture and Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The milk production of camels in Kazakhstan is shown in the figure 2. There is a dynamics between head and camel's milk production is similar, i.e. the milk production decreased in the period from 1991 to
The research was conducted based on different scientific methods: sampling, grouping, and comparative systems analysis as well as abstract-logical method.
Results
Camel farming is that branch of productive animal husbandry, which will involve more than 100 million ha in the turnover of economic activities of desert and semi-desert lands with the subsequent development of social infrastructure with all attributes of a competitive market economy.
The gene pool of camel breeds of Kazakhstan is unique and diversity in Central Asia and the Eurasian continent as a whole.
After the year 1990 the camel livestock in Kazakhstan was sharply reduced. By the year 2000 the crisis was overcome and the gradual growth of a livestock of a camel began. In recent years the livestock of camels in Kazakhstan increases. The sharp rise in the production was observed in the years 1991-2017 (figure 1). It should be noted that there are several limitations of the growth of the camel heads. The main reason is disintegration of the Soviet Union and as a result small-scale enterprise in this area.
2017 years. In the framework of State Program of Development of Agriculture in Kazakhstan until to 2021 year, the investment is given to camel sector, which will give an opportunity to develop this sector [2].
250
50
0 -
(T1<T1<T1<T1<T1<T1<T1<T1<T10000000000<H<H<H<H<H<H<H<H
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<H<H<H<H<H<H<H<H<HCMrMrMiNrMrMrMrMiNrMrMrMrMiNrMrMiNiN
Number of camels [thous.]
Figure 1. Total camel heads in Kazakhstan
2017 2015 2013 2011 2009 2007 2005 2003 2001 1999 1997 1995 1993 1991
750
70800
72507062
7460 68400 00
63000
57400 00
50600 7500 00
00 à s II
49100 7900
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00
10000 20000
30000 40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Camel's milk production [thous.tonn]
Figure 2. Total camel milk production in Kazakhstan in period 1991-2017
The structure of agricultural agents in Kazakhstan is divided into the large agricultural enterprises, peasant farms and household farms. The main share of production of livestock sector in Kazakhstan is produced in peasant farms and household farms. Thus, the livestock sector in the republic depends more on personal subsidiary farms where generally there is no possibility of use high-performance equipment, new technologies, where manual extensive and unproductive skills are used. Household farms, as a rule, breed a small stock of animals. However, the livestock sector in Kazakhstan is one of primary sector in agriculture of Kazakhstan. According to latest statistical data the vast pasturelands and favorable climatic conditions create a good basis
for the development of livestock sector. In animal production, the number of animals and poultry, except for pigs, demonstrated a stable rising. From 2004 to 2017 the number of cattle has increased by 12.4%, sheep by 34.6%, goats by 11.3%, horses by 59.2% and poultry by 33.4% [3].
Also, significant increase in a share of production of camel milk in production structure in 2017 in comparison with 2004 is observed. The main indicators of development of camel industry in Kazakhstan are presented in the table 1. It shows that the production of camel meat in all types of producers during the period 2012 - 2017 increased by 1, 9 thousand tons, and milk production more than 12 000 thousand ton or 17,2 % for the similar period [4].
Table 1.
Production structure of the camel industry ^ in Kazakhstan
Producers/Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Rate of change 2017 to 2012, %
Number of camels, thousand heads
Agricultural enterprises 14,8 15,4 15,6 14,7 14,4 14,5 98,0
Peasant (private) farms 49,6 53,8 59,3 64,3 69,6 69,7 140,5
Household's plots 100,4 91,7 91,0 91,5 96,1 94,6 94,2
Farms of all types in total 164,8 160,9 165,9 170,5 180,0 193,1 117,2
Camel meat production, thousand ton
Agricultural enterprises 0,6 0,8 0,7 0,8 0,8 0,9 150,0
Peasant (private) farms 2,4 2,4 2,9 2,7 2,7 2,9 120,8
Household's plots 7,9 8,1 8,4 8,2 8,8 9 113,9
Farms of all types in total 10,9 11,3 12 11,7 12,3 12,8 117,4
Camel milk production, thousand ton
Agricultural enterprises 5075 5734,8 5986 6150 6494,4 7055 139,0
Peasant (private) farms 26100 25488 26280 27000 28512 30855 118,2
Household's plots 40600 39648 40880 42000 44352 49300 121,4
Farms of all types in total 72500 70800 73000 75000 79200 85000 117,2
0
For the last years it was succeeded to increase security of the population of the Republic with camel milk of a domestic production above national norms of consumption. However, still more than half of needs are provided at the expense of import camel milk (table 2). In the period from 2012 to 2017 there was observed growth of camel milk import. Import volume in the market increased by 1, 2 times, and made 85 000 thousand tons in 2017 against 72500 thousand tons in 2012.
It should be noted that the developed tendency of growth of import of camel milk testifies the growth of volumes of consumption in the domestic market. In the process of increase of consumption level of camel milk also import volume grows. Following the results of 2017 to Kazakhstan 87000 thousand tons of camel milk was delivered. In camel milk structure of import leads the United Arab Emirates [5,6].
Table 2.
Balance of camel meat production and consumption in the Republic of Kazakhstan [thous. ton]
Specification/Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Production 72500 70800 73000 75000 79200 85000
Import 91320 93900 92900 92510 89700 87000
Supply total 163820 164700 165900 167510 168900 172000
Consumption 163820 164700 165900 167510 168900 172000
Export 9650 9700 10500 10980 11200 12800
Import share in consumption, % 55,7 57,0 56,0 55,2 53,1 50,6
The conducted researches show that in general camel industry in Kazakhstan is one of the most perspective branches of agri-food system, having the growth potential and abilities for ensuring the stable competitiveness. It is argued however that although the governmental policy focus on technical and market factors, which are crucial to facilitate the development.
Acknowledgement
This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No.AP09261075 - Formation of a regional food hub model as a horizontally integrated structure for ensuring food security (using the example of the meat cluster of the Turkestan region).
References
1. Ombayev A.M., Baimukanov D.A., Tokhanov M. [Milk productivity of camels of different genotypes and physicochemical proper ties of camel milk. Proceedings of the 4th ISOCARD conference "Silk Road Camels: Camelid Research for Sustainable Development]. J. Veterinary Medicine, no.2, 2015, p. 411-412.
2. Baimukanov D.A., Baimukanov A., Alikhanov O., Doshanov D.A., Iskhan K.Zh., Sarsenbai D.S. Genetics of the productive profile of camels of different genotypes of the Kazakhs tan population // Bulletin of national academy o f sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. - Almaty. - Volime 1, Number 371 (2018). Pp 6-22.
3. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries in the Republic of Kazakhstan/Statistical collection-2014-2018/in Kazakh and Russian, 216 p. Retrieved from:http://stat.gov.kz
4. Baimukanov D.A., Yuldashbaev Yu.A., Iskhan K.Zh., Demin V.A. Concept for the development of productive and pedigree camel breeding in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2021-2030. Agrarian science. 2020;(7-8):52-60.
5. Meat from which countries Kazakhstan citizen eat. Retrieved from: https://tengrinews.kz/kazakh-stan_news/myaso-iz-kakih-stran-edyat-kazahstantsyi-360976/
6. Kazakhstan - Republic of grain and feed/GAIN Report Number: KZ-1903,2019. Retrieved fromhttps://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/_ Astana_Kazakhstan%20-%20Republic%20of_4-18-2019.pdf
