CC BY
0ALGORITHM OF THE METHOD FOR CORRECTING THE MOVEMENT CONTROL OF THE WORKING BODIES OF CNC MACHINES
Gafurov Akmaljon Mavlonjonovich Fergana polytechnic insitute, PhD
Turaev Nosirjon Sobirjon coals NamECI, PhD
Nomanjonov Sokhibjon Nomanjon ugli Fergana polytechnic insitute, PhD
Matkarimov Behzod Baxtiyorjon ugli Fergana polytechnic insitute, PhD
Abstract. Ways to achieve a reduction in the error of the machine are related to constructive and technological options. In order to realize these goals in practice, it is possible to use thermosymmetric devices of equipment elements, for which the equipment is equipped with a variety of cooling systems, supply of lubricants, and also operate such supports that consume little energy.
Аннотация. Пути достижения снижения погрешности машины связаны с конструктивными и технологическими вариантами. Для реализации этих целей на практике можно использовать термосимметричные устройства элементов оборудования, для чего оборудование оборудуется разнообразными системами охлаждения, подачи смазочных материалов, а также эксплуатировать такие опоры, потребляющие мало энергии.
Keywords: strength parameters, diagnostics, models, cutting area, strength, durability, stamping, stamping form, cutting parameters.
Ключевые слова: прочностные параметры, диагностика, модели, зона резания, прочность, долговечность, штамповка, форма штамповки, параметры резания.
All used ways to achieve a reduction in the error of the machine relate to design and technological options. In order to realize these goals in practice, it is possible to use thermosymmetric devices of equipment elements, for which the equipment is equipped with a variety of cooling systems, supply of lubricants, and also operate such supports that consume little energy. When materials are selected for equipment, their thermal properties of the physical plane must be taken into account. In the features of the NSS parts, the direction of influence of temperature inaccuracies and other factors are taken into account. Along with this, the analysis of the test data that we considered above clearly demonstrates that it is very important today to create perfect systems for adjusting the temperature inaccuracy correction system. Using theoretical cutting methods, we determine that solutions of the structural and technological nature, implement roughing, and carry out a half reduction in temperature error and help improve error rates, achieve higher accuracy of the machined surface of the product on CNC equipment.
Today, the most common and used correction systems are products from companies such as Misubishi, Okuma. In the presented study, a temperature inaccuracy compensation technique is described in detail, which is implemented using a five-axis equipment with a portal addition, equipped with an MVR series, Mitsubishi Heavy Industry MHI, a Japanese manufacturer. This company today implements the ATDS concept, which includes:
a) the design of the equipment shows parameters of high resistance to the influence of the ambient temperature;
b) the system is able to take into account the presence of its own heat sources in the equipment;
c) a methodology for forecasting the movements of temperature regimes and their compensation is applied.
A fairly large amount of scientific research that has been done that relates to correcting the size of machine errors is completely irrelevant to those manufacturers that produce a huge amount of perfect and innovative equipment. Scientific works in the majority, pay attention and work with pilot projects that need further research and development, even though the most innovative technologies and techniques are used in their production. In order to get an approximate understanding of the process, how the error correction of the CNC machine takes place using the addition in the form of artificial neural networks.
The main goal for reaching the actual position is to use the technique of the recursive property to compensate for the errors. The implementation of the error compensation occurs in this way: the cutting part or the body of the workpiece itself is moved to a place opposite from where there are genuine errors. Such actions are easily implemented using hardware program settings that change a function such as "zero parts". Rice. 1. shows the diagram of this compensation principle. This diagram shows how error compensation occurs, which is completed with three subsystems: one collects data such as the position of the moving unit and temperature, the second analyzes the collected data with the help of an operator, the third connects all CNC processes and databases.
The use of such compensation technology makes it unnecessary to modify the CNC system of the unit, it is necessary to add several program statements to the initial code of the CNC controller program.
Figure 1 shows us a picture of how the inaccuracy compensation system can be connected. During the operation of the equipment, measurements were taken of the differences in temperature conditions in certain areas of the equipment and in places where moving elements of the equipment structure are positioned. All values were transferred via ports directly to the database. Along with this action, the database itself was transferred to the computer to carry out analytical work, to study the obtained values. The next step is to develop imprecision algorithms, which are updated every time new definitions of values are received in different operating environments. The result of such functionality is an inaccuracy model, which turned into an archive that helps to perform a variety of technical processes in real time with error compensation. The feedback channel works in the specific case as a transmitter that sends error values to the CNC, which helps to control the program.
Measuring system Renishaw, made in England, which is equipped with a laser designed to take measurements. This equipment has become widespread and used. When positioning errors were measured, all received figures were sent to a computer, where they were saved in rtl format. These files work with the Notepad program, which is combined with the graphics of the LabView application. This allows you to automatically transfer information to the software. On average, such error data is used for a variety of machines with initially excellent conditions, on the basis of which the processes of developing inaccuracy prediction models proceeded. This refinement works if different conditions are specified at the initial stage of work using different models of equipment, approximating curves and formulas will be used.
Figure 1. - Conversion scheme of the error replacement system
The motion control correction technique of CNC equipment working parts, the algorithm of which is shown in Fig 4.8, applies the values obtained as a result of the operation of the precondition system and the motion sensor. The equipment is completed with measuring instruments, the calibration operation of which represents the zero or preliminary stage of the proposed correction path. This stage is practiced once for each type of equipment.
Начало
Испытания станка
Расчет температурной | погрешности_
Адаптация управляющей программы
Базовое измерение
Модификация управляющей программы Обработка детали
Контрольная операция
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лритуса на обяботгу
Регистрация бра<а
Конец
Figure 2. - Algorithm of the method for correcting the movement control of the working
bodies of CNC machines
The developed technology consists of seven main stages: equipment testing, temperature error research, program preparation, basic measurements stage, work with the product, control work, program reconstruction.
The first stage consists of creating a database of basic values, on the basis of which the calculation of the temperature error will be carried out, which includes the cyclicity of the equipment work program, taking into account the chance of making real measurements using a measuring device to indicate zero correction. The cyclical nature of the program operation implies the selection of different time periods for the operation of the equipment at the set spindle speed, values are set for the intervals during which it is possible to interrupt the transition from one work process to another, which will allow further measurements.
To carry out this stage, it is necessary to study the course of the technological process of manufacturing the product, in order to develop the necessary cyclicity of the controlled program of the machine. It is also necessary to improve the CNC program itself. The improvement lies in the fact that during the creation of the program, it is important to pay attention to each technological transition that is present in the process of processing parts.
The second stage consists of creating a theoretical basis for changes in impacts, which are presented in the form of approximating notation obtained using an automatic program for predicting temperature errors on CNC equipment.
The third stage is devoted to preparing programs for CNC equipment for changes in the position of the working tools of the machine. Changes are improvements that result from the
application of two modules: the real coordinate change module in the Z-axis, the module for calculating intermediate data from measurements of the plane of WCS coordinate systems. All data is entered into the program manually, although the program can be written using the CAM system.
The fourth stage is characterized by measurements of the main surface, against the background of fluctuations in the ambient temperature and the temperature of the equipment itself.
When measuring with a probe, in order to determine the result data for the Z axis, which will be entered into the program database, it is necessary to translate the zero level, which serves as the beginning of the measurement. If the machine zero is taken to start the measurement, then the reciprocal of the measurement will be the relative position of the plane being observed. For example, when examining the upper plane of the product with a program code that can be seen in Figure 5.4, then the CNC receives a different zero movement value along the axis, data about which is automatically entered into the table of changes in the starting points. As an additional measure, the data is written to the R rack, in a similar parameter. This must be done for subsequent analysis and application of the data.
At the fifth stage of the technique, processing takes place directly. In order to provide this process with high performance accuracy, the cutting edge of the tool must always be in the correct temperature range, which was introduced to form the initial values. If this requirement is not met, then it is not possible to create temperature errors in the range of up to 10 цт. For the purity of the experiment, a new test was carried out, with a changed temperature regime. Figure 4.9 shows the resulting graphs of temperature data obtained with one measuring device, but subject to the creation of temperature fluctuations in the equipment itself and in the room. Line 4.2 shows the temperature against which properties 4 were determined, which are not too different from the k2 line against which the changes were made. Line 7.2 shows the temperature, which is characterized by a close value of the room temperature.
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