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8Hydrogen transport: safety, economy
A HYBRID VEHICLE WITH A HYDROGEN FUELLED POWER INSTALLATION
V. F. Kamenev, G. S. Kornilov, N. A. Khripach
NAMI Russian Federation State Scientific Centre 2 Avtomotornaya ul., Moscow, 125438, Russia Fax: (095) 456-31-32, (095) 456-70-97, e-mail: gennady_kornilov@mtu-net.ru, khripachna@yandex.ru
The tightening of ecological requirements for motor road vehicles and the growing energy crisis have required establishing principally new power installations using alternative fuels. The most promising trend in this field of mechanical engineering is the development of hybrid motor road vehicles with a hydrogen-fuelled power installation. In NAMI RF SSC, a broad work programme has been deployed on the development of motor road vehicles with two kinds of combine power installations: electrical accumulating elements operating within a single complex with an internal combustion engine or an electrochemical generator. In both cases, the power source if hydrogen being produced onboard the vehicle from a hydrocarbon fuel of non-petroleum origin.
The production of hydrogen as an ecologically pure fuel for internal combustion engines or an electrochemical generator of the combined power installation onboard the hybrid motor road vehicle, by means of ther-mochemical conversion of methanol or other initial raw material of non-petroleum origin in a catalytic reactor, is one of the most promising trends in the field of hydrogen energy transport.
The report contains the results of investigations conducted in NAMI RF SSC on thermochemical regeneration of methanol and developed by a thermocatalytical converter. In particular, for a power installation, which comprises an internal combustion engine, a part of heat energy of waste gases is spent on the conversion of the initial fuel (methanol) into another kind of fuel (hydrogen synthesis-gas) with higher energy parameters, due to which enhancement of the effectiveness of both the internal combustion engine and the whole power installation is achieved. For a power installation comprising an electrochemical generator, hydrogen is produced onboard the motor road vehicle from synthesis-gas. Synthesis-gas being produced from methanol in a catalytic reactor is cleaned from carbon monooxide (CO) by means
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of synthesis-gas production for internal combustion engine supply.
1 — engine; 2 — filter; 3 - thermostating system; 4 — drain line; 5 — discharge string; 6 — microcontroller; 7 — heat-exchanger; 8 — high pressure fuel pump; 9 — all-mode regulator; 10 — cooling system radiator; 11 — distributor; 12 — pressure switch; 13 — fuel tank; 14 — booster pump; 15 — damper; 16 — bypass string with a heat-exchanger; 17 — thermochemical reactor; 18 — water tank.
of after-oxidation at a catalyst in the presence of additionally introduced air. In doing so, heat of the exothermal reaction of carbon monooxide (CO) oxidation in the operating reactor space is used for compensation of the endothermic effect of the methanol conversion reaction.
The schematic diagram of the synthesis-gas production system for the first case is given in Fig. 1.
The hydrogen production system for the electrochemical generator supply is being developed jointly with Energia RSC with participation of the Russian University of Peoples Friendship within the framework of development of an ecologically pure motor road vehicle for the City of Moscow.
ISJAEE Special issue (2003)
