-2021 ^ 3 M (XfS&EIföi^^-^&^Mfc— POLITICAL PROTEST USING TWITTER HASHTAGS: A CASE STUDY OF THE MARCH 2021 PROTEST CAMPAIGN AGAINST A PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO THE
IMMIGRATION ACT
https://doi.org/10.24412/2181-1784-2022-22-150-157
OMOYA Yuka
Email: s1820130@japan.tsukuba.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper analyzed the protest campaign on Twitter against the proposed amendment to the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in Japan. Japan's biggest refugee support NPO, Japan Association for Refugee (JAR), organized the Twitter protest campaign with the hashtag "# nanmin no sokan dewanaku hogo o (Not deport refugees, but protect them)" from March 15 to 31, 2021. For the analysis, this paper collected tweets and retweets with this hashtag through Twitter API and plotted a graph based on the number of posts every 24 hours. More than 90% of all collected data were retweets and the number of posts peaked at 5,216 on the second day of the campaign. From the third day onward, the number of posts has continued to be 1500 or less. Of all the accounts that made posts with this hashtag, around 70-80% were unique accounts, which means that this hashtag was used by a wide range of Twitter accounts. In contrast, two related hashtags, #keibatsu dewanaku zairyu shikaku o (Not punishment, but resident status) and #nyukanho kaiaku hantai (No to Immigration Act Reform), tended to appear around 1000 or less every 24 hours throughout the 17-day campaign period. This paper concludes that although there is a possibility that some of the tweets and retweets with these hashtags may have been posted by bots, the number of suspected accounts was only about 0.1% of the total. Overall, it can be evaluated that diverse Twitter accounts participated in this protest demonstration organized by JAR, and the messages against the amendment were shared widely among Japanese Twitter users.
Keywords: Immigration Act of Japan, protest champaign, political activity, social media, Twitter demonstration
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