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4. Problems of the relationship of husband to wife. Polygamy and talaq (divorce).
5. The moral qualities of wife and her responsibilities.
The author of the abstract - N. Ginesina
2016.12.005. D. MUKHETDINOV. THE PROBLEM OF THE ISLAMIC DISCOURSE MARGINALIZATION // "II Faizhanovskie readings. Islam in the Ryazan Region: Past, Present and Future." Materials of the 11 All-Russian scientific-practical conf., Ryazan, April 14. 2015 - Moscow, 2016. - P. 10-13.
Keywords: Islamic discourse, marginalization, Islamophobia, the intellectual elite, Europe, Russia, mass-media, radicalism.
D. Mukhetdinov,
Ph. Sc. (Politics), Institute of Asia and Africa
at the Moscow State University,
the First Deputy Chairman
of the Spiritual Directorate of Moslems of the RF
Today's media and social situation in Europe is characterized by marginalization of the Islamic discourse, - said author. Marginalization means removal of the Moslem thought to the periphery of intellectual space. Such a situation is relevant for the secular states where Islam is not related to the state ideology and Moslems are a minority. Marginalization manifests itself in the following: first, creation of a negative image of Islam, support of Islamophobia (Islam is sometimes just ignored as a subject of no interest); second, Moslems are not involved in the intellectual elite activities connected with generation of meanings; third, the Islamic discourse receives no representation at the grassroots level, it is not integrated in the actual agenda.
Islamophobia has become a real problem of the Western media after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the conflict in the Middle East and a number of scandals with cartoons. Since
the beginning of zero years in the Western discourse Islam is closely associated with terrorism, extremis, medieval worldview and unwillingness to integrate. This reflects the ethno- and Eurocentrism of the West, which does not receive a different value system. However, in recent years in Europe there has appeared a positive trend to remedy the situation: in particular, wind-down of Islamophobic rhetoric and increase of Moslem media representation. In Russia, the situation in this respect is more favorable, though sometimes excesses occur here too, including in the federal media (usually in connection with the problem of integration of immigrants).
Another manifestation of marginalization is the fact that Moslems are not involved in the intellectual elite activities connected with generation of meanings. Activity of the elite plays a crucial role in forming up of intellectual space and determining the development strategy of the society. Since Moslems are in the minority in these countries, they cannot include Islam in the development strategy. In Russia, in the period of intellectual revival of the 1990s - beginning of zero years the elite was mostly interested in the heritage of Russian classical philosophers -Slavophiles, essentialists, Eurasianists. At the same time the issue of updating the Moslem theological heritage was not brought up. M. Bigiyev, Sh. Mardzhani, G. Kursavi - their names are almost unknown to the Russian intellectual elite. Only recently, thanks to the efforts of Islamic scholars, this subject has begun to gain popularity, in particular, the concept of the Russian Islam, development of I. Gasprinsky's ideas, is being elaborated.
Finally, the third factor of marginalization is the lack of the Islamic discourse at the grassroots level. It means that it is absent in everyday discourse, e.g. in the discourse of the media. Islamic subjects are ejected from the media it causes a sense of alienation among the Moslem population. And it plays into the hands of those radicals, who emphasize the negative attitude of society towards Moslems, the absence of a strategy of integration, the lack of willingness to recognize their identity. The growth of
radicalism is thus ensured by ignoring Islamic topics in intellectual and media space. Fighting radicalism by force alone is useless. It is necessary to remove the cause, not the consequence. The reasons for the growth of radical sentiment are numerous. It is necessary to minimize them where possible. Of course, to overcome the marginalization of Moslem discourse in non-Islamic countries is possible. To do this, you need to change the rhetoric, broadcasted in the media, to ensure Moslems access to the media, to promote the education of the Moslem elite and its integration into the general intellectual elite, to include Islam in the development strategy of the society, to ensure representation of the Moslem discourse at all levels. Without all this, Moslems may face alienation, which is fraught with the growth of radicalization. Globally, according to D. Mukhetdinov, radicalism leads to two things: the fall of intellectual level of Moslems and the lack of understanding of the fact how Islam can exist in a modernist society. The marginalization of the Moslem discourse does not resolve these problems, but turns away from them. The paradox lies in the fact that the potential of the Arab-Moslem culture is not sufficient for their resolution. Therefore, the Moslem population needs help from the people who have got European education. Radicalism can be defeated only by enlightenment, modernization and development of tolerance.
The author of the abstract - V. Schensnovich
