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Section 1. Biotechnology
Khojiev Abdurakhim, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of Andijan Machine-Building Institute E-mail: [email protected]
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE CONTENT OF GOSSYPOL AND ITS VALUE
Abstract. The article presents the results of research on the emergence of gossypol, a new way of managing the content of gossypol and its value.
Keywords: Gossypol, cotton, biotechnology, poison, vitamin, soil, manure, water memory, the position of the Earth's axis.
Researchers conducted numerous experiments on the study of gossypol. Gossypol is a product obtained by processing cotton seeds or from cotton roots (Gossypium sp.), Malvaceae family (Malvaceae). Fine-crystalline powder from light yellow to dark yellow with a greenish tint. In the light darkens. Practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol [1].
Gossypol is easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, slowly released from the body. Symptoms of poisoning (increased peristalsis, persistent diarrhea, frequent and painful urination, then cough, pulmonary edema, venous stasis of the blood) usually appear after a few days [2].
To understand how gossypol appears, (H30C30O8), we conducted a series of experimental studies, analyzes, and observations. The following describes the causes of gossypol.
1. Changes in the soil. In the soil where uncultivated plants are found, the content of hydrogen ions increases and reacting with chlorine to form chloride acid. H+ + Cl_ = HCl. Gradually, the field is covered with chloride acid. The root hairs of such plants dissolve fertilizers, which cannot be dissolved and absorbed by the roots of cultivated plants, and in a dissolved form absorb mineral fertilizers and thus contribute to an increase in the soil of the hydrogen ion H+. If you sow cultivated plants without first clearing the soil of the hydrogen ion, the roots rot, the growth of plants slows down, and they die. After irrigation, the process of ripening the soil is accelerated, if not plowed in a timely manner, the soil quickly hardens. In the cotton field, where uncultivated plants grow, there are strong changes in the seed and fiber of cotton: the content of gossypol in the seed grows. The average value of gossypol in the seed, if we conditionally assume equal to 0.7%, [3], then 0.23% of them are formed due to changes in the
soil produced by uncultivated plants. The change in the composition of the seed under the action of uncultivated plants is called a combinational change. In such cases, uncultivated plants fulfill the role of mutagenic substance. Mutagenic substances have a direct effect on cotton seed. In order to get rid of combinational changes in cotton seed, it is necessary to act on it with a biological solution - prepared by mixing cattle manure in water. As a result, 0.22% gossypol is synthesized for vitamins and hormones, as well as for strong antibiotics, the characteristics of which should be studied in further studies.
To get rid of the hydrogen ion, which contributes to the combinative changes in the soil of the Earth, it is necessary to treat the soil with livestock manure. Research results show that if 2 tons of manure are poured onto 1 hectare of land, the effect of uncultivated and cultivated herbs becomes imperceptible. Gossypol, formed by combinational changes, disappears from the seed, the oil becomes healing.
2. The impact of mineral fertilizers. All changes in the soil structure of the Earth, and the plants planted on the soil and the harvest obtained from these plants, occurring through the use of mineral fertilizers can be called ontogenetic or pheno-typic. Under the influence of ontogenetic transformations, 0.22% of gossypol is formed in the composition of cotton seed. To get rid of this gossypol, it is enough to soak the seeds on a solution of sheep's manure in water.
3. The impact of water memory. Contamination of the memory of water has a strong influence on the world of plants and all living things. In humans and plants, strong mutational changes occur. Human health is deteriorating, there are genetic diseases in front of which medicine is powerless. For example, bone cancer, liver cancer and others. In the seed of
Section 1. Biotechnology
plants, a strong poison appears and increases. The content of gossypol in cotton seed increases by 1.5%. This gossypol can be destroyed by soaking the seed in bio-solution, which contains chicken droppings and a very small amount of mineral fertilizer, which is used as a catalyst. The second way is irrigation of plants with water with a purified memory. Gossypol is not eliminated - it is synthesized into hormones and vitamins.
4. The impact of changing the position of the axis of the earth. Changing the position of the axis of the earth has a strong impact on planet Earth, including the content of gossypol in the seed of cotton. This change is expressed in quantitative form as follows.
1. Changes in the soil...........................0.23%.
2. Changes under the influence
of mineral fertilizers .......................... 0.22%.
3. Changes due to water memory................0.15%.
4. The impact of changing the position
of the axis of the earth........................0.11%.
5. Atmospheric pollution........................0.05%.
Studies show that gossypol, which appeared under the
influence of air pollution, can be eliminated by soaking in a
solution containing three types of natural mineral fertilizers (cattle manure, lamb, chicken).
Gossypol, which appeared under the influence of a change in the position of the axis of the earth, as studies have shown, is not subject to liquidation. However, research is continuing on the elimination of such gossypol. The predominant side of these works is that gossypol is not separated from the composition of the seed, it turns into vitamins B1, B3, B5, B7, B9, Bn and two hormones. This oil can be used in medicine.
We have developed ways of processing cotton seed with a drop (with residual fiber), without a drop and for sowing after wheat harvest [4] and applied for the patent office of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2006. We called the cultivation of cotton with seeds treated in this way "a biotechno-logical method of growing cotton." Fiber and cotton seeds grown by the biotechnological method have special physi-comechanical and biological properties. Experiments show that when processing with special biosolutions there are profound changes in the composition of cotton seed. Especially in the content of gossypol. It provides genetic changes in the cotton seed. Seed properties change over time.
Figure 1. Seed properties change over time: G - free gossypol, C - concentration of bioliquor (symbol); I - average value of free gossypol in herbicide treated seed; II - is the average value of free gossypol in biosolvented seed with fiber;III - average value of the free gossypol in the biosolven-treated seed without fiber
Research results showed that under normal conditions, in such cotton fiber, instead of decomposition, maturation continues. This process continues until the fiber completely absorbs the moisture inside the bomb. Thus, the process of fiber decomposition stops and the shelf life of explosives increases. From the graph it can be seen that in cottonseeds processed by herbicides (O curve) the amount of gossypol decreases rapidly, it is spent on decomposition of the poison in the seed. When the air temperature is low and when the moisture content in the seed is
exceeded, gossypol spreads over the seed volume and the seed decomposes, accompanied by a peculiar heavy smell. Gossypol does not turn into a beneficial substance, on the contrary, the content of poison increases. The graph of a seed that is not treated with herbicides shows (S curve, seeds with fiber) that, with a small amount ofbio-solution, as well as with maximum content, the presence of gossypol will be minimal (0.007%), because gossypol begins to move towards the surface of the seed, and without reaching on the surface under the influence of a special
bio-solution turns into vitamins, that is, the main part of gos-sypol in the gossypol's nodule turns into vitamins B9, B12. With increasing moisture, two opposing processes continue, and the gossypol content will be high. With an increase in the amount ofbioliquor content gossypol will be relatively large. The high content of bioliquor contributes to an increase in evaporation, the temperature begins to decrease, and the decomposition of gossypol into vitamins decreases. With the passage of time, the temperature ofthe seed increases, the disintegration of gossypol increases the temperature of the bio-solution, the disintegration of gossypol increases into vitamins, the formation of vitamins increases. In every two months, an analysis of gossypol is carried out, the analysis is carried out 3 times, and the result is obtained, where the content of gossypol is reduced to zero.
The graph of the seed that is not treated with herbicides shows (curve S, seeds without fiber) that the content of gossypol first decreased to 0.09%, and then with the passage of time, gradually increased and at the end of the experiment it was 0.11%. A comparative analysis shows that in a seed with a descent (with fiber), the gossypol decomposition process is better, it indicates the need for the presence of fiber in the seed.
The seed oil obtained by harvesting cotton sown pretreated by the biotechnological method has antidote properties, i.e.
quickly heals a mortally poisonous wounded soldier during hostilities. And the fiber of such cotton serves to increase the shelf life of explosives, because in the fiber obtained by the biotechnological method, [5; 6], the maturation process continues every day. This fiber is of great strategic importance. In addition, at the present time, parachutes are made of mulberry. When you add them this material with a certain moisture loses the necessary properties. Therefore, it is recommended to use for the manufacture of parachute cotton fiber grown by a new biotechnological method. First, different rodents and microbes do not eat and do not spoil this fiber, secondly, the fiber of this new material ripens in wet conditions, that is, the quality is monotonously improved and the shelf life of the parachute increases.
Findings:
- gossypol is a poison for a living organism;
- the content of gossypol increases due to environmental degradation;
- proposed a new way to control the content of gossypol, leading to its disintegration into vitamins: this means cottonseed oil obtained from cotton seed, processed by the biotech-nological method, can be used as a healing;
- prospects for the use of cotton products in the military sphere are being opened.
References:
1. Pokrovsky V. I. Encyclopedic dictionary of medical terms.- M., 2005.
2. Shishkov V. P. Veterinary Encyclopedic Dictionary.- M.,1981.
3. Halimoa U. Kh. Technology of production of vegetable oils.- Tashkent. "Teacher". 1982.- 137 p.
4. Khozhiev A., Dadajonov K., Dadajonov A., Khozhiev A. Biotechnological fertilizer from cotton dust // Agriculture of Uzbekistan. Agrarian-economic, scientific and review magazine.- Tashkent, 2007.- No. 1. p. eleven.
5. Khozhiev A., Dadajonov K., Dadajonov A., Khozhiev A. Pests of cotton seed, technologies for its protection and early maturation // Agriculture of Uzbekistan. Agrarian-economic, scientific - review magazine.- Tashkent, 2007.- No. 2.- P. sixteen.
6. Khozhiev A., Dadajonov K., Dadajonov A., Khozhiev A. Effects of a new biological fertilizer // Agronauka. Scientific application of the journal Agriculture of Uzbekistan. Agrarian-economic, scientific and practical.- Tashkent, 2007. - 8 p.
