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Physical and chemical aspects of obtaining of sericin from silk waste to size cotton yarn
decreases from 1,81 to 1,38%, i. e. about 1,3 times, and bound gossypol increases from 0,18 to 0,45%, i. e. about 2,5 times.
Conclusions.
Comparative analysis of the two methods of moisture heat processing of cottonseed cake described that the use of microwave radiation observed a minimal change in the content of free and bound gossypol, which is necessary to obtain cottonseed oil with high content of gossypol. Uniform temperature distribution over the entire volume
of cottonseed cake with minimal structural changes using its microwave radiation causes the maximum yield of gossypol in the cottonseed oil pressed.
Thus, based on the results of a comparative study of traditional processes of moisture heat processing of cottonseed cake and using microwave radiation can be concluded that for cottonseed oil with high content of gossypol efficient use ofmicrowave energy, which allows to preserve the free gossypol and extract the oil from the pulp pressing due minimum change its natural internal structure.
References:
1. Goldovsky A. M. The theoreticalbasis of the productionof vegetable oils. - M.; L.: Pishchepromizdat, 1958. - P. 446.
2. Beloborodov V. V.The main processesof productionofvegetable oils. - M.: Food Industry-1966. - 478 p.
3. Shcherbakov V..Chemistryand biochemistry ofoilseed processing. - M.: Food Industry - 1977. - 162 p.
4. KopeykovskyV. M., DanilchukS. I., GarbuzovaG. I.and others. The technology of productionofvegetable oils.- M.: Light and Food Industry, -1982. - 416 p.
5. MarkmanA. L., RzhehinV. P. Gossypoland its derivatives. - M.: Food Industry - 965. - 244 p.
6. RzhehinV. P. Investigation ofthe most importantchemical processesin the processing ofoilseedsand some new-solutionsto improvethe useof oilseeds andproduct quality.Report onaggregatework performedfor the degreeof Doctor of TechnicalSciences. - M.: MTIFP. - 1964-118 p.
Yaminova Zarrina Akramovna, Technological University of Tajikistan E-mail: zyaminova@inbox.ru
Physical and chemical aspects of obtaining of sericin from silk waste to size cotton yarn
Abstract: In connection with the transition of the silk industry companies on the market relation, increase in production and processing of products made of natural silk will increase by rational using of raw materials and development of a cocoon-waste processing technologies cocoons. The quality of raw materials and the presence of up to 30% of the natural adhesive as sericin, we carried out research on development of an effective way of obtaining of solution for consideration and dressing powder.
Keywords: powder, extract, sericin, Microscopy, sizing, silk waste, dressing, viscosity.
Sizing is carried out to improve the performance of weaving machines by reducing breakage bases on weaving machines. The essence of sizing consists in impregnating of main threads and making their surfaces adhesive for bonding the fibers and forming a film on the surface of threads. Sizing is the most important stage in the preparation of the main yarn for weaving. The slightest error in the sizing can greatly improve breakage bases on looms and, consequently, reduce their productivity.
Currently, they are most used starch as an adhesive component ofsize. As we know, starch as thickener, and as a component of the sizing has a number of disadvantages,
besides they add caustic soda, cottonseed oil, white, split materials (chemicals), surfactants (surface active agents), supporting materials as disintegrates, acid, enzymes (nitride substance formed in the living cells of animals and plants), oxidants, caustic soda, chloramine silicate, emollients, humectants, antiseptics, antistatics, wetting agents, defoamers, etc. The process of sizing should be productive, economical, hygienic and provides high-quality warp beam. By our studies [PATENT, № 492, “Method of obtaining dressing for sizing of cotton yarn" 23.05.2011, Yaminova Z. A., A. B. Ishmatov and a patent number 002, “Method of obtaining sericin from silk
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Section 9. Technical sciences
waste,” 16.01.2014., Yaminova Z. A., Gorshkov R. M., Ishmatov A. B.] and introduction of [dressing recipe from silk waste for sizing cotton fundamentals, 2011, LLC “NassochiTojik” and dressing recipe from silk waste with the addition ofstarch for sizing cotton fundamentals, 2011, LLC “Nassochitojik” Yaminova Z. A.] we proved that the possibility of another way of sizing yarn, namely the application of the extract sericin extracted from silk waste remaining in the form of non-recyclable waste in the production of silk. Taking into consideration the development of the of sericulture and raw material base in the republic, the this work is extremely important. It should be noted that in the literature there is a limited amount of data structure devoting a method for isolating sericin from non-recyclable waste silk. To do this research, we used the silkworm waste. First, we cleaned
It can be seen that with increasing raw material obtained, including sericin also increased.
Thus, we carried out the task to determine the maximum yield of sericin. Is the maximum output obtained when the ratio of10: 100 (g: ml), but depending on the weight of sericin optimal yield at a ratio of 5: 100 (g: ml). Since the weight of the silk is very light weight
silkworm waste. For maximum discharge from the fibers of these impurities and dust removal is necessary to loosen the mass, dividing it into small pieces first and shake. Opening and cleaning the mass was performed manually. After cleaning silk mass is subjected to shearing. Silk weight of non-recyclable waste silk mode manually. Next we put raw water extraction under the following conditions:
- duration — from 10 to 60 minutes,
- temperature — 65-850 S,
- Ratio — 5: 100; 10: 100 (g: mL) raw materials: water.
After the extraction solution was separated from the solid phase, washed with distilled water three times and precipitated with ethanol. The precipitate formed was dried at 35-40 °S.
at the lowest weight of raw materials dissolution is more than high ratios.
Necessary as a dressing is its viscosity, characteristics of which we measured using a Brookfield rotational viscometer, is shown in Table 2, and the relative viscosity measured with a capillary viscometer at a diameter of 0.91 mm in table 3, as in Figures 3,4,5 and 6 shows the results of these studies.
Table 1. - Yield sericin powder at different ratios.
Extraction time Hinge, g Weighed after extraction, g. Powder mg.
Ratio of 5: 100 (g: mg)
10 minutes 5,0 4,711 104,35
20 minutes 5,0 4,443 170,80
30 minutes 5,0 4,599 120,15
40 minutes 5,0 4,560 123,05
50 minutes 5,0 4,631 159,25
60 minutes 5,0 4,822 137,70
Ratio oi : 10: 100 (g: mg)
10 minutes 10 9,78 220,00
20 minutes 10 9,45 396,30
30 minutes 10 9,24 319,30
40 minutes 10 9,37 252,60
50 minutes 10 9,14 144,00
60 minutes 10 9,25 209,35
Table 2. - Dynamic viscosity
Extraction time of extraction loads:
10g 20jg 40e
Ratio of 5: 100 (g: mg)
10 minutes 20,41 10,23 7,09
20 minutes 21,99 10,57 7,28
30 minutes 20,51 10,74 6,84
40 minutes 21,26 10,95 7,44
50 minutes 22,43 11,22 7,94
60 minutes 23,21 12,32 8,72
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Physical and chemical aspects of obtaining of sericin from silk waste to size cotton yarn
Ratio o : 10: 100 (g: mg)
10 minutes 36,11 15,13 8,23
20 minutes 36,42 15,28 8,40
30 minutes 36,64 16,02 8,41
40 minutes 37,18 16,13 8,73
50 minutes 37,23 16,24 9,73
60 minutes 38,92 16,83 9,90
Table 3. - Relative viscosity
Extraction time Ratio of (g: mg)
2,5:100 5:100 7,5:100 10:100 Water
10 minutes 4,72 4,86 4,73 6,56 4,61
20 minutes 4,86 4,91 5,47 6,82 4,61
30 minutes 4,91 4,97 5,75 6,91 4,61
40 minutes 4,94 5,11 5,94 7,18 4,61
50 minutes 5,12 5,24 6,04 7,37 4,61
60 minutes 5,24 5,33 6,86 7,48 4,61
In all four measurements shows that at long extraction extraction for 60 minutes at a ratio of 10: 100 (g: mg).
solution viscosity increases, i. e. optimal viscosity in
References:
1. Improving of the technology of production and processing of natural silk. - M: VNIIPHV. 1977. - 103 p.
2. Directory. Silk raw materials and cocoonwinding/comp. E. B. Rubinov [et al.] - 2nd ed. - M.: Legprombytizdat, 1986. - 312 p.
3. Abdukarimova M. Z. The method of determining the content of sericin in natural silk. Patent number 511 546 (11), the State Committee of the USSR, from 25.04.1976.
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