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Charitable activities in Azerbaijan
Section 11. Sociology
Ismailova Sevil Aydin, Baku State University, P.hD of philosofical sciences, the Faculty of Sociology Sceince E-mail: sevilisa@mail.ru
Charitable activities in Azerbaijan
Abstract: In this article, found its proper reflection questions related to the issue of charitable activities in Azerbaijan. Briefly described the history of charitable activities in Azerbaijan. Also shown is the legal framework of charitable activities in Azerbaijan.
Keywords: charity, laws, benefactors, patrons, humanism, philanthropy.
Charity and philanthropy, and simply put, gratuitous aid neighbor, in one form or another exist in any political system and in any socio-cultural communities. As you know, the level of charity depends on the degree of overall socio economic development of the country. The higher the level of welfare, the stronger and more stable business sector, the more conditions for the establishment and development of charitable activity.
In the scientific literature there are several approaches to the analysis of the phenomenon of charity. Philosophical content charity trek to stresses such important aspects as a love for people, compassion and charity defines the phenomenon as a condition of the human soul and the desire to do well. Ethical approach to the analysis of this phenomenon emphasizes the link charity with universal values. And finally, the sociological approach sees charity as purposeful social activities. The following common signs of charity:
- Lack of administrative pressure on the subject of exercising charity. Charity lies outside the scope of the official administration, and decisions are taken here, and action is taken without the requirements of the law or official policy.
- Profit is not the purpose of charity.
- Organization and purpose of the activity.
- Mostly impersonal nature (on the project assistance — unlike charity, which give at the request of a specific person)
- Availability of public interest objectives [1,15].
Azerbaijan charity engaged practically all sectors of society, businessmen and ordinary people.
Azerbaijan roots charity run deep into history. Our people are rich and ancient tradition of philanthropy based on humanism and humanitarianism. Its manifestations are associated with rising probably Zoroastrizm and hallowed by centuries of moral and ethical code — «a good word, good thought, good deed». Another great Nizami said, “that he gave — it is yours" And how we folk proverbs and sayings on this topic! Mercy, compassion, the desire to do good deeds, generosity and hospitality have always been and continue to be the most important life values of the Azerbaijani people. It is these spiritual principles
are one of the main virtues preached Islam and other world religions. In this cultural-historical and spiritual foundation in the late XIX - early XX centuries flourished in Azerbaijan as a kind of philanthropy. Most famous for his patronage young industrialists Azerbaijan in the late XIX and early XX centuries: Z. Tagiyev, M. Nagiyev, M. Mukhtarov, Sh. Assadullaev dynasty Ashurbekovs and many other domestic patrons, being very good stewards, spending huge sums for the public good — for enlightenment and education, arts and culture development, civil engineering. Much work was carried out numerous women’s charities created Govhar Aliyeva Ghajar, Hamida Khanum Javanshir, Nigar Aliyeva Shikhlinskaya [2].
The state began to attend to matters of charity with the first years of independence after the collapse of the former Soviet Union. Presidential Decree “On establishment of the President’s Fund" (1992) established the award of the President of the Fund “for charity and mercy”. Law on Political Parties (1992) tried to protect the charity from politics by banning for charities to give donations to political parties. Law on entrepreneurship (1992) established the right for entrepreneurs “for donations to public funds for health care, charity, enlightenment, for scientific and civilian targets” and the Cabinet of Ministers of the Azerbaijan Republic “On the international humanitarian organizations and their missions in the Republic of Azerbaijan” (1994), settled the status of international humanitarian organizations engaged in charitable activities in Azerbaijan. Resolution on the socio- economic situation in the Republic № 937 adopted by the Milli Majlis in 1994, the government even stipulated the development of the draft Law “On charity and sponsorship”.
The Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, adopted in 1995, Article 38 an obligation for the state to create “opportunities for development charity, voluntary social insurance and other forms of social security” [3]. State partially fulfilled this obligation, including the Tax Code Azerbaijan (2000), certain provisions regarding charity. Basic rules governing charity are contained in the Tax Code. Charitable activities are defined in
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Section 11. Sociology
Article 13 of the Tax Code, as “activities carried out by an individual and (or) a charitable organization and consists of rendering assistance, to include remittance, individuals in need of financial or other assistance, either directly to organizations that provide similar assistance, including charitable or scientific, educational or other activities performed in the public interest, unless otherwise provided in this Code" For “other" legal persons, in fact, engaged in philanthropy law uses the term “sponsorship" For example, “a non-profit providing aid, that is a charitable purpose, sport" stands out as the type of sponsorship in the Law of Azerbaijan Republic “On the Principles and Rules of sponsorship in the sphere of physical culture and sports development in Azerbaijan Republic" (2000). Individuals may engage in charity and helping the needy and charities. Charitable organization as defined in Article 13 of the Tax Code as “a non-profit organization engaged in charitable work" Special procedure for registration of “international humanitarian organizations and other foreign entities engaged in charitable activities". In order for such an organization to start its activities in Azerbaijan, it must obtain the consent of the Cabinet ofMinisters for registration with the Ministry ofJustice. Regular NGOs registered with the Ministry ofJustice to obtain such consent is not required.
Ministry ofJustice to obtain such consent is not required. Competent ministries and state bodies, Executive instructed to urgently assist humanitarian organizations. Media are required to allocate 5 percent of airtime and advertising space to accommodate social advertising, which has a charitable purpose in accordance with the Law “On Advertising" Republic
of Azerbaijan in 1997 [4]. It should be noted that in recent years in Azerbaijan as a whole has become intensely revive actively develop Institute charity. This is largely due to the tremendous efforts and personal initiative of the First Lady of Azerbaijan, President of Heydar Aliyev Foundation Meh-riban Aliyeva. Multi-faceted and tireless work Mehriban in this area is well known and has received wide publicity not only in our country but also far beyond its borders. On her appreciation indicate two prestigious international awards — awarded her the highest order of the International Charity Fund “Patrons of the Century" — “Ruby Cross" and the premium for a large-scale charity “Golden Heart". Today, Azerbaijan ranks 67th place among 150 countries and in the world rankings for charity. This is stated in the report of the International Charitable Organization “Charities Aid Foundation". Topping the list of Australia and New Zealand, where 57 percent of the population are involved in charity. The top ten also includes Canada, Ireland, Switzerland, USA, Netherlands, UK, Sri Lanka and Austria. Charitable Foundation “Charities Aid Foundation" was established in 1924 in the UK. The Fund was established as part of the National Council of Social Services. Since 1974, the Foundation acts as an independent [5].
Thus, we can conclude the following: at the present stage, no doubt, recognized the positive impact charitable activities on society and social processes and in many charitable activities understood and acts as a resource and as a way to form as solutions to social problems, as well as a factor in personal development philanthropist and self-realization.
References:
1. Antonovich I. V Charity as a sociocultural phenomenon: a sociological analysis on the example of the Altai Territory./ diss ... cand. sociologist. Sciences./I. V Antonovich. - Barnaul: ASU, 2003 - 194 p.
2. Aliyeva Mehriban. Today, for the development of the charitable sector in Azerbaijan, there were several obstacles./ [Electronic resource]. - Available from: http://www.day.az (March 20, 2008).
3. Constitution of the Azerbaijan Republic. - Baku: Book, 2000, - 96 p.
4. [Electronic resource]. - Available from: http://news.day.az/society/145183.html (Date Views 10.04.2014).
5. Newspaper “The Mirror" - 12 May 2012.
Struk Natalia Maksimovna, candidate of Philosophy, associate professor E-mail: struknm@rambler.ru Gavrilova Natalia Igorevna, Irkutsk State Technical University, candidate of History, associate professor of the Department of Sociology and Social Work
E-mail: nig2312@yandex.ru
Modernization of modern Russian education: the formation of an innovative educational environment
Abstract: The article analyzes the role of innovative environment in the formation of modern Russian education. In this context innovations in education are studied as a unique quality of the social mechanism that ensures resource development of both individuals, and society as a whole.
Keywords: innovation; education; educational process; learning environment; modernization.
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