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Karimova N. O. senior teacher
Center for life activity safety training of the Emergency Management
Department of the Jizzakh region
AVOID TOXIC GASES AND CHEMICALS
Annotation. In this article, the direct effect of atmospheric air on the atmosphere and the layer of nitrogen of toxic gases, heavy metal residues emanating from various factories and factories. The damage caused by factories andfactories on the territory of the Republic to our atmosphere is caused by gases and ways to eliminate them, a brief description of the acid rains observed in the cities is given.
Keywords: volcanoes, forest, anthropogenic, microorganisms, cosmic dust, soot, sulfur dioxide, freon, troposphere, fog-smog, greenhouse effect.
It is known that the rapid development of industry in the world increases the release of toxic gases into the atmosphere and greatly damages agricultural crops. According to the results of long-term monitoring, the amount of environmentally harmful chemical compounds, substances and elements of combustion products entering the atmosphere doubles every 12-14 years, and therefore the problem of atmospheric pollution is one of the global problems. Atmospheric pollution refers to the change in its composition and properties that negatively affects human health, animals, plants and ecosystems. The atmosphere is polluted by natural and artificial means. Sources of artificial pollution include energy, industrial enterprises, transport, household waste, etc.
First of all, the problem of effective use of natural resources can be shown. It is through various human activities that the issues of increasing natural disasters, the problem with water resources and so on during the diversion of water, underground, quantity of Agriculture and as various natural occupations are addressed in this process.
In the second place, environmental problems can be calculated. Examples of this include environmental heating, performing miracles, carrying environmental love, taking space into the environment, etc. Environmental impact-the problems of licking are also important. This type of problem can be related to the risks of Natural Resources, loss by ecosystems, increased biodiversity, contamination of toxic substances, etc.
Currently, 75% of atmospheric pollution corresponds to human sources and 25% to anthropogenic sources. According to the aggregate state, compounds that pollute the atmosphere can be divided into four groups: solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed compounds. The main substance and compounds that pollute the air include aerosols, solid particles, dust, soot, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide SO, SO2, sulfur oxides, metal oxides, etc. Tens of thousands of substances and compounds
have been released into the atmosphere, and the compounds they have combined have not been thoroughly studied. The effect of such unknown compounds on living things, including human health, has not been accurately assessed.
Chemical, physical, acoustic noise, heat, electromagnetic pollution of the atmosphere have reached high levels in large cities and industrial regions. The most dangerous pollution of the atmosphere is radioactive contamination. The main sources of radioactive contamination are nuclear weapons tests, disasters in nuclear power plants. Radioactive contamination leads to an increase in cancer and other diseases. Strong air pollution negatively affects human health, all living things. In cities and industrial regions, there is an increase in cases of nervous, cardiovascular, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, shortness of breath and pulmonary cancer among people. An increase in eye diseases and children's diseases has been recorded. In the air of the city are carcinogenic substances in industrial enterprises and vehicle waste (benz(a)pyrene, aromatic hydrocarbons), as a result of their chronic action, cancer diseases are caused. Lead compounds in the exhaust gases of the vehicle are also particularly hazardous to human health.
Artificial anthropogenic pollution of the atmosphere. Since the second half of the 19th century, the intensive development of production in the world, in particular in capitalist countries, has accelerated the artificial pollution of the atmosphere.
In artificial pollution of the atmosphere:
□ □ Road Transport ranked first (40%)
□ □ Energy industry second place (20%)
□ □ Enterprise and organization production third place (14%)
□ □ Agricultural production (26%) corresponds to.
Depending on the amount of dust in the atmosphere, the gods are divided into 4 indicator levels:
1. 0.3 mg/m3-this indicator is pure. This indicator mainly includes the atmospheric air of small urban territories without rural areas and industry.
2. 0.6 mg/m3 - this indicator is considered less contaminated. This indicator mainly includes the atmospheric air of populated areas of developed cities.
3. 1.0 mg/m3 - this indicator is considered heavily contaminated. This indicator mainly includes the atmospheric air of industrial suburbs of industrialized cities.
4. 3.0 mg/m3 - this indicator is more contaminated than the norm.
This indicator mainly includes the atmospheric air of the gods of enterprises of the industry, which dressing large amounts of dust waste.
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, atmospheric air pollution is one of the main environmental problems. The fact that the cities are located mainly in the mountain ranges and mountain ranges, the climate is hot and dry, has led to a relatively high level of atmospheric air pollution in Uzbekistan. Atmospheric air in Uzbekistan is especially heavily polluted in the Tashkent and Fergana economic regions, where the population, industry and transport are highly concentrated. Pollution of the
atmosphere negatively affects the health of the population, the condition and yield of plants, buildings, metal structures, historical monuments, etc. As a result of the transition of Uzbekistan to market relations and the implementation of various environmental measures in recent years, there is a relative decrease in the amount of emissions thrown into the atmosphere. The contribution of moving sources in the gross release of polluting compounds is in excess.
An analysis of the literature shows that the role of the atmosphere on a global scale is incredibly large. In developed countries, industries are developing widely, that is, heavy industries are directly damaging the atmosphere by heavy metals, various levels of radioactive substances, residues of petroleum products, various chemical compounds that are leaking into the environment and, of course, into atmospheric air. In the end, it is necessary to develop measures to reduce as much as possible atmospheric harmful substances in the processes listed above. Global air temperature rise Arctic ice melt with rapid snapshots of the world world the water level of the oceans increases seasonally, soil erosion the desertification level increases and of course the end of the whole of ecotism and the immediate atmosphere is causing the air to be damaged by toxic gases of different levels. By preserving the biosphere and atmosphere, we will end up preserving our health.
References:
1. Узбекистан Республикаси Кизил Китоби. Том I. Усимликлар, "Chinor ENK", 1998.
2. Abdullayev X.A. Biogeoximiya va tuproq muhofazasi asoslari. Toshkent. «O"qituvchi», 1989
3. Alimov T. A., Rafikov A.A. «Ekologiya xatolik saboqlari», Toshkent, «O"zbekiston», 1991
4. Baratov P. Tabiatni muhofaza qilish. Т.: «O"qituvchi», 1991
