CC BY
18
DOI 10.14526/02_2018_328
ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES CHANGE DURING AGE PERIOD OF 50-55 YEARS ON THE BASIS OF KYRGYZ ETHNIC GAMES IN TERMS OF MIDDLE MOUNTAINS
12 3 3
Abdyrakkmanova D.O. , Tynalieva B. K. , Abdyrakhmanov B. A. , Bolzhirova E. S.
1Higher School of Physical Culture and Sport Kyrgyz-Turkish "Manas" University,
Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, jipard@mail.ru 2Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I. K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, tynalievab@mail.ru 3Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, abdybekzhan@gmail.com, emiliya0810@mail.ru
Annotation. The article is about the questions of Kyrgyz ethnic games influence on anthropometric indices change among 50-55-year-old people. 32 people were examined. The first group included 16 people, who go in for ethnic games; the second group included 16 people, who don't go in for ethnic games. The objectives of the research included the following: testing and experimental check of ethnic games effectiveness and their influence on anthropometric indices study. During the stages of the research physical load parameters, which condition anthropometric indices development, in a form of ethnic games were determined: the database of ethnic games was created, a plan- summary of physical development lesson was created. We tried to determine the effectiveness of the offered methodology of ethnic games organization in a group of people. Research methods: scientific-methodical literature analysis, anthropometry; mathematical-statistical methods, validity of differences estimation between homogeneous indices was held according to critical value of t- test. Results. As a result of the research we see that the results of those, who go in for ethnic games, are higher than the results of those, who don't go in for ethnic games, according to weight indices and chest circumference among men, which is valid (P<0,05). Among women there are also some changes. In long parts of the body indices only according to hand length there were valid differences (P<0,01) in a group of men and according to shoulder, forearm, hand, leg, hip length, length and height of a shin we see some their increase. There are some indices change in a group of those, who go in for ethnic games, according to head, neck, shoulder circumference at rest, shoulder in tension, forearm circumference, waist, pelvis, hip and shin circumference. The indices of hand dynamometry among men and women are validly different (P<0,05). Conclusion. Ethnic games influenced anthropometric indices change among adults and caused active capacity indices improvement.
Keywords: anthropometric indices, ethnic games, length and width rates of a body. For citations: Abdyrakhmanova D.O., Tynalieva B.K., Abdyrakhmanov B.A., Bolzhirova E.S. Anthropometric indices change during age period of 50-55 years on the basis of kyrgyz ethnic games in terms of middle mountains. The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Pedagogico-Phycological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports). 2018; 13(2): 173-180. DOI 10.14526/02_2018_328
INTRODUCTION
The method of anthropometric studies is widely used for physical development determination of people, who go in for physical culture and sport. This research method is mainly based on taking into
account quantitative, outer morphological indices. On the whole, anthropometric indices reflect length and width rates of a body, give an idea of the body parts proportionality development and are very
important for physical development estimation.
For adults' height, weight and other indices, which condition structural-mechanical features of an organism, form the criterion of organism strength. Physical development is a process, which goes during the whole life, since birth till death. As physical development is studied at different stages of a person's life, it is necessary to determine physical development
correspondence with the stage of a person's biological development [3].
In order to estimate the level of a person physical development anthropometric studies are widely used, as they provide height (body length), weight, chest circumference and other morphological features measurement. Anthropometric examination of people, who go in for physical culture and sport, is necessary when we estimate systematic physical exercises and folk ethnic games influence on a person's organism. Systematic analysis of anthropometric indices is an important element of studying physical development correspondence with age related normatives [11]; [9]; [5]. Going in for physical exercises we can influence the state of our health [7]. The tendency of physical readiness indices increase among elderly age men reflects only positive influence of health-improving physical culture on organism state in general [4].
Literature analysis showed, that there were several research works, connected with physical development estimation among people, who go in for health-improving physical culture. However, there is no sufficient information about the dynamics of anthropometric indices among people, who are 50-55 years old, during ethnic games.
The aim of the research: to substantiate ethic games influence on anthropometric indices change among adults.
The objectives of the research:
1. Comparative analysis of people length
indices in groups.
2. Body parameters analysis of those, who go in for ethnic games. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research methods and research organization. 32 adults were examined. The first group included 16 adults (8 men and 8 women), who go in for ethnic games; the second group included 16 adults (8 men and 8 women), who don't go in for ethnic games.
The objectives of the research included the following: testing and experimental check of ethnic games effectiveness and their influence on anthropometric indices study.
During the stages of the research physical load parameters, which condition anthropometric indices development, in a form of ethnic games were determined: the database of ethnic games was created, a plan-summary of physical development lessons was created.
Database of ethnic games for elderly age people includes 15 games, which, we consider, the most optimal for the objectives of the research realization. We tried to determine the effectiveness of the offered ethnic games methodology o organization.
Adults, who go in for ethnic games under the supervision of physical culture instructor 3 times a week, played the following games: At minip alys zhergr baru (a long-term horseback riding), Basty-basty (free-for-all), Kap menen urushuu (sack fighting), Korkok batyr (coward bogatyr), Nayza yrgytmay (javelin throwing), Togo chygu zhana tushu (uphill climbing and climbing down a hill), Balta yrgytmay (ax throwing), Bel karmashyp zherden kotorushmoy (pulling each other off the floor, seizing waist), Bel karmashyp tartyshu (pulling each other, seizing waist), Kalmak kotorush (kalmak lifting), Arkan tartysh (tug-of-war), Ashkabak chapmay (strike at a pumpkin), Dongok zharu (churka cracking), Bash aylanma (spin), Tez ataka minu zhana tushu (quick vault into the saddle and getting off the horse) [1]; [6].
Adults, who don't go in for ethnic games, had everyday usual labor activity.
Duration of ethnic games lessons was 60 minutes.
Research methods. In accordance with the set aim and objectives the following research methods were used: anthropometry; mathematical-statistical methods (arithmetical mean; standard deviation; variation coefficient; arithmetical mean error). Validity of difference estimation between homogeneous indices was held according to critical value of t- test. For this purpose, the following indices were calculated: T-actual and the number of freedom degrees.
Table 1 - Physical development indices among 50-55 year-old people (M±m)
Average values Body length (cm) Weight (kg) Chest circumference (cm) Body length (cm) Weight (kg) Chest circumference (cm)
Men (n=1 L6) Women (n=16)
Not going in for ethnic games
X 165,3 81,1 90,2 156,5 68,0 79,7
G 30,3 7,7 6,9 8,8 11,5 19,9
mx 5,5 1,4 1,6 1,6 2,1 4,6
V% 19,7 9,4 6,6 5,6 16,9 23,3
Going in for ethnic games
X 165,1 71,5* 104,7* 156,7 65,6 85,6
G 4,4 16,2 18,3 30,4 15,6 25,5
mx 0,8 3,0 4,2 5,6 2,8 5,9
V% 2,5 22,7 20,3 21,4 23,8 32,0
RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION
Actual results according to height indices (table 1) in both groups almost didn't change. Weight indices decreased among men, who go in for ethnic games, in contrast with men, who don't go in for ethic games (P <0,05). Women, who go in for ethnic games, also had weight decrease to 2,4 kg in contrast with women, who don't go in for ethnic games.
Note: *- valid in case (P <0,05)
Chest circumference indices (table 1) among men, who go in for ethnic games, are validly higher (P <0,05), than among men, who don't go in for ethnic games. Among women, who go in for ethnic games, these indices are
lower, than among women, who don't go in for ethnic games (5,9 cm). In height indices while sitting and body length of people, who go in for ethnic games, there were no valid differences (table 2).
Table 2 - Height indices while sitting and body length among adults (M+m)
Average values Height while sitting (cm) Body length (cm)
don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games
Men
X 95,1 95,5 58,2 58,6
G 24,1 4,0 6,9 1,6
mx 4,4 0,7 1,3 0,3
V% 21,7 3,3 14,0 3,2
Women
X 89,3 89,7 56,1 56,9
G 24,1 4,0 8,3 2,9
mx 4,4 0,7 1,5 0,5
V% 21,7 3,3 20,5 5,9
According to arm length indices length among people, who go in for ethnic
among men, who go in for ethnic games, games, is higher than among people, who
differences are valid (P<0,01), among women don't go in for ethnic games (table 3). they are higher. Shoulder, forearm and hand
Table 3 - Arm, shoulder, forearm and hand length indices among adults (M+m)
Average values INDICES (cm)
Arm length Shoulder length Forearm length Hand length
GROUPS
go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games
Men
X 78,6** 76,4 30,9 30,8 28,7 28,3 17,3 17,3
G 1,9 3,5 2,3 2,5 2,2 5,7 1,1 2,4
mx 0,4 0,8 0,5 0,6 0,5 1,3 0,2 0,5
V% 6,5 13,9 6,7 8,1 6,4 20,0 6,3 13,8
Women
X 65,2 64,1 28,1 27,6 20,8 20,4 16,3 16,1
G 1,7 4,0 1,7 5,6 1,4 4,0 1,9 2,5
mx 0,4 0,9 0,4 1,3 0,3 0,9 0,4 0,6
V% 7,9 18,6 5,7 20,4 6,2 19,3 11,8 16,1
Note: ** - differences are valid in case P<0,01
Leg, hip and shin length indices among people, who go in for ethnic games, is higher than among people, who don't go in for ethnic games.
Table 4 - Leg, hip and shin length indices among adults (M+m)
Average values INDICES (cm)
Leg length Hip length Shin length Foot length Foot height
GRO1 JPS
go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games go in for ethnic games don't go in for ethnic games
Men
X 84,4 83,7 37,5 37,2 42,3 41,9 23,9 23,3 4,6 4,6
G 3,5 8,9 3,0 5,0 2,0 5,1 1,4 3,2 0,6 0,8
mx 0,6 2,0 0,5 0,9 0,4 0,9 0,3 0,6 0,1 0,2
V% 4,0 13,5 8,0 13,9 4,8 13,4 5,7 13,9 12,1 16,8
Women
X 81,3 80,8 37,8 37,9 38,9 38,5 22,2 21,9 4,6 4,4
G 5,7 15,2 3,9 6,7 2,4 7,6 1,5 4,0 0,5 1,0
mx 1,0 2,8 0,7 1,2 0,4 1,4 0,3 0,7 0,1 0,2
V% 7,2 20,8 10,3 19,6 6,2 21,3 6,5 19,4 11,1 25,4
Head and neck circumference indices are also higher among people, who go in for ethnic games.
'able 5 - Head and neck circumference indices among adults (M±m)
Average INDICES (cm)
values Head circumference Neck circumference
don't go in for go in for ethnic don't go in for go in for ethnic
ethnic games games ethnic games games
Men
X 58,2 57,1 35,2 34,1
G 0,9 7,2 2,1 5,1
mx 0,2 1,7 0,5 1,2
V% 1,5 13,7 5,6 14,6
Women
X 57,3 58,1 33,9 33,1
G 0,9 10,5 7,7 5,0
mx 0,2 2,4 1,8 1,2
V% 1,6 21,8 20,1 16,3
The indices of shoulder circumference at rest and in tension are rather higher in the group of people, who go in for ethnic games, in arms strength there are valid differences (P<0,05) in both groups.
Table 6 - Indices of shoulder circumference, shoulder in tension, forearm circumference and hand
strength among adults (M±m)
INDICES (cm)
Shoulder Shoulder Forearm Hands Hands
circumference circumference circumference strength strength (left)
Average at rest in tension (right)
values GRO UPS
go in don't go in don't go in don't go in don't go in don't
for go in for go in for go in for go in for go in
ethnic for ethnic for ethnic for ethnic for ethnic for
games ethnic games ethnic games ethnic games ethnic games ethnic
games games games games games
Men
X 34,1 33,2 38,5 36,8 30,7 30,9 44,8* 40,0 42,8* 39,1
G 1,1 4,1 1,7 4,6 0,6 3,2 6,3 7,7 0,8 7,6
mx 0,2 0,9 0,4 1,1 0,1 0,7 1,4 1,8 0,2 1,8
V% 3,6 15,0 4,9 15,3 2,4 14,0 15,2 19,3 1,9 18,7
Women
X 31,8 30,9 33,6 31,9 26,6 26,4 23,0* 19,8 22,9* 19,2
G 3,8 5,8 4,2 5,1 2,3 2,6 3,5 4,8 3,3 6,2
mx 0,9 1,3 1,0 1,2 0,5 0,6 0,8 1,1 0,7 1,4
V% 11,9 19,6 13,6 18,8 9,9 10,4 15,2 24,4 14,4 27,4
Note: * - differences are valid in case P<0,05
Waist, pelvis, hip and shin circumference in the group of people, who go in for ethnic games, are higher.
Table 7 - Waist, pelvis, hip and shin circumference among adults (M ± m)
Average INDICES (cm)
values Waist circumference Pelvis circumference Hip Shin
circumference circumference
GROUPS
go in for don't go go in for don't go in go in don't go in don't
ethnic in for ethnic for ethnic for go in for go in
games ethnic games games ethnic for ethnic for
games games ethnic games ethnic
games games
Men
X 96,1 100,7 98,4 101,4 55,4 56,4 39,1 39,7
G 12,2 14,8 4,8 5,8 2,4 6,5 1,4 4,7
mx 2,8 5,7 1,1 1,3 0,6 1,5 0,3 1,1
V% 12,6 30,3 4,7 5,7 5,0 14,7 3,9 14,5
Women
X 87,3 87,9 101,9 100,1 57,3 58,3 41,4 41,7
G 23,7 19,6 7,4 21,0 4,8 1,6 0,5 3,4
mx 5,4 4,5 1,7 4,8 1,1 0,4 0,1 0,8
V% 32,1 26,0 7,5 22,1 10,7 3,0 1,6 9,3
Thus, some anthropometric indices of physical development among people, who go in for ethnic games turned out to be validly higher than the indices of people, who don't go in for ethnic games.
Anthropometric studies provide body and its parts measuring in order to state age-related, gender, race and other peculiarities of physical constitution, which help to give quantitative and qualitative (descriptive) forms characteristic of the body parts and their variability. The need for anthropometric studies is conditioned by great variability of a person's body sizes. The limits of sizes variation among people of one group, as a rule, exceed the limits of sizes variation of people from another group. This is
transgressive variability, which conditions the necessity of quantitative definitions [8].
The research works in the sphere of physical upbringing means development help to come to the conclusion that a powerful health-improving means for adults is rationally organized physical activity in a form of physical exercises and ethnic outdoor games. Ethnic games, taking into account age-related peculiarities during physical-health-improving work organization with adults, creating energetic base for different systems work, provide normal physical development, have a positive influence on an organism.
Systematic and correctly organized physical exercises, including ethnic games,
178
influence the whole appearance of a person. People, who regularly go in for physical exercises, have beautiful, proportionally developed body. The question of body proportions was always interesting for scientists. Even in ancient times proportional was considered the constitution, when the width of the spread arms was equal to body height. Body length of a person, in the opinion of some scientists, should include 8 head sizes, shoulder length should be a fourth of height, chest circumference should be doubled waist circumference. Different means of physical exercises and outdoor games use influences body forms. In order to have good constitution it is necessary to go in for physical exercises regularly. It increases muscles power and has a positive influence on the state of bones and joints. During physical exercises muscles fulfill the function of an active stimulus, which influences bones nutrition and their growth. Bones become strong, movements in joints gain great freedom, smoothness. Correctly organized exercises can provide bones growth after 20 and even after 25 years old, when skeleton ossification is mainly finished. Especially valuable are the exercises, which include jumps and different hops [10].
In modern conditions of society development state forms of work in the sphere of physical culture and sport with population finish, when a person graduates from an educational establishment. Physical culture and sport lessons nowadays are held not only in new social-economic conditions, but also in changed environment, in terms of stress, new pedagogical technologies and equipment [2].
As a result of our research work we see, that people, who go in for ethnic games, have positive shifts of anthropometric indices. Weight indices among men validly decreased (P<0,05), among women from the same group there is weight decrease for 2,4 kg.
Chest circumference in pause is one of the most important indices of physical development and depends on the volume of thoracic cavity, pectoral muscles development and subcutaneous fat layer. The indices are
validly higher among men, who go in for ethnic games (P<0,05), than among men, who don't go in for ethnic games.
In long parts of the body indices only according to hand length there were valid differences (P<0,01) in a group of men and according to shoulder, forearm, hand, leg, hip length, length and height of a shin we see some their increase.
There are some indices change in a group of those, who go in for ethnic games, according to head, neck, shoulder circumference at rest, shoulder in tension, forearm circumference, waist, pelvis, hip and shin circumference. The indices of hand power among men and women are validly different (P<0,05).
Thus, we can say that ethnic games as one of the means of physical culture include running, jumps, hops, leanings, knee-bends, which influence actively anthropometric indices of adults.
CONCLUSION
Comparative analysis of adults' results showed that the data of people, who go in for ethnic games, are validly higher than the data of people, who don't go in for ethnic games according to weight and chest circumference indices among men (P<0,05), among women there are some their changes.
In long parts of the body indices only according to hand length there were valid differences (P<0,01) in a group of men and according to shoulder, forearm, hand, leg, hip length, length and height of a shin we see some their changes.
In head, neck, shoulder circumference indices at rest, shoulder in tension, forearm circumference, waist, pelvis, hip and shin circumference there are some changes in the group of those, who go in for ethnic games.
In hands power indices, both among men and women, there are valid differences (P<0,05).
Ethnic games influenced anthropometric indices change among adults and caused active capacity indices improvement.
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Author's information:
Abdyrakhmanova D.O. — Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Higher School of Physical Culture and Sport Kyrgyz-Turkish "Manas" University, 720001, Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Mira ave., House 56, e-mail: jipard@mail.ru
Tynalieva B. K. — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I. K. Akhunbaev, 720020, Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Akhunbayev str., House 92, e-mail: tynalievab@,mail.ru
Abdyrakhmanov B. A. — Candidate of Biological Sciences, Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, 720064, Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Akhunbayev str., House 97, e-mail: abdybekzhan@,gmail.com
Bolzhirova E. S. — Candidate of Biological Sciences, Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, 720064, Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Akhunbayev str., House 97, e-mail: emiliya0810@mail.ru
DOI 10.14526/02_2018_329
THE FUNCTION OF BALANCE ESTIMATION AS THE INDICATOR OF STUDENTS' HEALTH STATE AT TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTBALISHMENTS
• 1 1 2 Bulavkina T. A. , Dubogryzova I. A. , Neklyudova G. A.
1Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education
"Bryansk State Engineering-Technological University"
